Chemistry

Biomolecules

Question:

Assertion (A): Vitamin D can be stored in our body.
Reason (R): Vitamin D is fat soluble vitamin.

Answer:

(a) Vitamin D can be stored in our body because it is a fat soluble vitamin.

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Biomolecules

Q 1.

The letters ' D ' or ' L' before the name of a stereoisomer of a compound indicate the correlation of configuration of that particular stereoisomer.
ncert-exemplar-problems-class-12-chemistry-biomolecules-21
This refers to their relation with one of the isomers of glyceraldehydes. Predict whether the following compound has ‘D' or ‘L' configuration.

Q 2.

During curdling of milk, what happens to sugar present in it?

Q 3.

What are essential and non-essential amino acids? Give two examples of each type.

Q 4.

Which monosaccharide units are present in starch, cellulose and glycogen and which linkages link these units?

Q 5.

When RNA is hydrolysed, there is no relationship among the quantities of different bases obtained. What does this fact suggest about the structure of RNA?

Q 6.

Assertion (A): Deoxyribose, C5H10O4 is not a carbohydrate.
Reason (R): Carbohydrates are hydrates of carbon so compounds which follow Cx(H2O)y formula are carbohydrates.

Q 7.

Which of the following terms are correct about enzyme?
(a) Proteins (b) Dinucleotides
(c) Nucleic acids (d) Biocatalysts

Q 8.

Describe the term D- and L-configuration used for amino acids with examples.

Q 9.

Where does the water present in the egg go after boiling the egg?

Q 10.

What is glycogen? How is it different from starch?

Q 11.

What are the common types of secondary structure of proteins?

Q 12.

Why are vitamin A and vitamin C essential to us? Give their important sources.

Q 13.

Carbohydrates are classified on the basis of their behaviour on hydrolysis and also as reducing or non-reducing sugar. Sucrose is a .
(a) monosaccharide (b) disaccharide
(c) reducing sugar (d) non-reducing sugar

Q 14.

Aldopentoses named ribose and 2-deoxyribose are found in nucleic acids.
What is their relative configuration?

Q 15.

Assertion (A): Vitamin D can be stored in our body.
Reason (R): Vitamin D is fat soluble vitamin.

Q 16.

How do you explain the presence of all six carbon atoms in glucose in a straight chain?

Q 17.

Name the linkage connecting monosaccharide units in polysaccharides.

Q 18.

How do enzymes help a substrate to be attacked by the reagent effectively?

Q 19.

What is the difference between a nucleoside and a nucleotide?

Q 20.

Why does compound (A) given below not form an oxime?
ncert-exemplar-problems-class-12-chemistry-biomolecules-26

Q 21.

Why must vitamin C be supplied regularly in diet?

Q 22.

What do you understand by the term glycosidic linkage?

Q 23.

Differentiate between globular and fibrous proteins.

Q 24.

What are enzymes?

Q 25.

Three structures are given below in which two glucose units are linked. Which of these linkages between glucose units are between C1 and C4 and which linkages are between C1 and C6?
ncert-exemplar-problems-class-12-chemistry-biomolecules-12

Q 26.

Under what conditions glucose is converted to gluconic and saccharic acid?

Q 27.

Sucrose is dextrorotatory but the mixture obtained after hydrolysis is laevorotatory. Explain.

Q 28.

Activation energy for the acid catalysed hydrolysis of sucrose is 6.22 kJ mol-1, while hydrolysis is catalysed by the enzyme sucrase. Explain.

Q 29.

Match the vitamins given in Column I with the deficiency disease they cause given in Column II.
ncert-exemplar-problems-class-12-chemistry-biomolecules-37

Q 30.

Assertion (A): All naturally occurring a-amino acids except glycine are optically active.
Reason (R): Most naturally occurring amino acids have L-configuration.

Q 31.

Which of the following carbohydrates are branched polymer of glucose?
(a) Amylose (b) Amylopectin (c) Cellulose (d) Glycogen

Q 32.

ncert-exemplar-problems-class-12-chemistry-biomolecules-15

Q 33.

Amino acids behave like salts rather than simple amines or carboxylic acids. Explain.

Q 34.

What are nucleic acids ? Mention their two important functions.

Q 35.

Which of the following monosaccharides are present as five membered cyclic structure (foranose structure)?
(a) Ribose (b) Glucose (c) Fructose (d) Galactose

Q 36.

Which sugar in called invert sugar? Why is it called so?

Q 37.

ncert-exemplar-problems-class-12-chemistry-biomolecules-23

Q 38.

α-Helix is a secondary structure of proteins formed by twisting of polypeptide chain into right handed screw like structures. Which type of interactions are responsible for making the a-helix structure stable?

Q 39.

Assertion (A): Glycine must’be taken through diet.
Reason (R): It is an essential amino acid.

Q 40.

What type of bonding helps in stabilising the α-helix structure of proteins?

Q 41.

What is the effect of denaturation on the structure of proteins?

Q 42.

Monosaccharides contain carbonyl group hence are classified, as aldose or ketose. The number of carbon atoms present in the monosaccharide molecule are also considered for classification. In which class of monosaccharide will you place fructose?  

Q 43.

What are glycosidic linkages? In which type of biomolecules are they present?

Q 44.

Match the following enzyme given in Column I with the reactions they catalyse given in Column II.
ncert-exemplar-problems-class-12-chemistry-biomolecules-38

Q 45.

Assertion (A): β-glycosidic linkage is present in maltose.
ncert-exemplar-problems-class-12-chemistry-biomolecules-39
Reason (R): Maltose is composed of two glucose units in which C-l of one glucose unit is linked to C-4 of another glucose unit.

Q 46.

Glucose or sucrose are soluble in water but cyclohexane and benzene (simple six membred ring compounds) are insoluble in water Explain.

Q 47.

Why cannot Vitamin C be stored in our body?

Q 48.

What products would be formed when a nucleotide from DNA containing thymine is hydrolysed?

Q 49.

What are monosaccharides ?

Q 50.

Write two main functions of carbohydrates in plants.