How do you explain the absence of aldehyde group in the pentaacetate of D-glucose?
The cyclic hemiacetal form of glucose contains an -OH group at C-l which gets hydrolysed in aqueous solution to produce open chain aldehydic form which then reacts with NH2OH -to form corresponding oxime. Thus, glucose contains an aldehydic group. However, when glucose is reacted with acetic anhydride, the -OH group at C-l along with the other -OH groups at C-2, C-3, C-4 and C-6 form a pentaacetate.
Since the penta acetate of1 glucose does not contain a free -OH group at C-l, it cannot get hydrolysed in aqueous solution to produce open chain aldehydic form and hence glucose pentaacetate does not react with NH2OH to form glucose oxime. The reactions are shown as:
The letters ' D ' or ' L' before the name of a stereoisomer of a compound indicate the correlation of configuration of that particular stereoisomer.
This refers to their relation with one of the isomers of glyceraldehydes. Predict whether the following compound has ‘D' or ‘L' configuration.
Which of the following terms are correct about enzyme?
(a) Proteins (b) Dinucleotides
(c) Nucleic acids (d) Biocatalysts
Assertion (A): Deoxyribose, C5H10O4 is not a carbohydrate.
Reason (R): Carbohydrates are hydrates of carbon so compounds which follow Cx(H2O)y formula are carbohydrates.
When RNA is hydrolysed, there is no relationship among the quantities of different bases obtained. What does this fact suggest about the structure of RNA?
Which monosaccharide units are present in starch, cellulose and glycogen and which linkages link these units?
Assertion (A): Vitamin D can be stored in our body.
Reason (R): Vitamin D is fat soluble vitamin.
Activation energy for the acid catalysed hydrolysis of sucrose is 6.22 kJ mol-1, while hydrolysis is catalysed by the enzyme sucrase. Explain.
Three structures are given below in which two glucose units are linked. Which of these linkages between glucose units are between C1 and C4 and which linkages are between C1 and C6?
How do you explain the presence of all six carbon atoms in glucose in a straight chain?
Match the following enzyme given in Column I with the reactions they catalyse given in Column II.
Monosaccharides contain carbonyl group hence are classified, as aldose or ketose. The number of carbon atoms present in the monosaccharide molecule are also considered for classification. In which class of monosaccharide will you place fructose?
α-Helix is a secondary structure of proteins formed by twisting of polypeptide chain into right handed screw like structures. Which type of interactions are responsible for making the a-helix structure stable?
Classify the following into monosaccharides and disaccharides. Ribose, 2-deoxyribose, maltose, galactose, fructose and lactose.
Carbohydrates are classified on the basis of their behaviour on hydrolysis and also as reducing or non-reducing sugar. Sucrose is a .
(a) monosaccharide (b) disaccharide
(c) reducing sugar (d) non-reducing sugar
Aldopentoses named ribose and 2-deoxyribose are found in nucleic acids.
What is their relative configuration?
Some enzymes are named after the reaction, where they are used. What name is given to the class of enzymes which catalyse the oxidation of one substrate with simultaneous reduction of another substrate?
Sucrose is dextrorotatory but the mixture obtained after hydrolysis is laevorotatory. Explain.
Match the vitamins given in Column I with the deficiency disease they cause given in Column II.
Assertion (A): All naturally occurring a-amino acids except glycine are optically active.
Reason (R): Most naturally occurring amino acids have L-configuration.
Carbohydrates are essential for life in both plants and animals. Name the carbohydrates that are used as storage molecules in plants and animals, also name the carbohydrate which is present in wood or in the fibre of cotton cloth.
Which of the following carbohydrates are branched polymer of glucose?
(a) Amylose (b) Amylopectin (c) Cellulose (d) Glycogen
Which of the following monosaccharides are present as five membered cyclic structure (foranose structure)?
(a) Ribose (b) Glucose (c) Fructose (d) Galactose
Structures of glycine and alanine are given below. Show the peptide linkage in glycylalanine.
