Why was a new education policy introduced by the French in Vietnam ? What were the limitations or drawbacks of the new education policy introduced by the French in Vietnam ?[CBSE March 2011, 2015 (D)]
Reason for New Education Policy :
(i) The elites in Vietnam were powerfully influenced by Chinese culture. To consolidate their power, the French had to counter this Chinese influence. So they systematically dismantled the traditional educational system and established French schools for the Vietnamese.
(ii) French colonisation was not based only on economic exploitation, but it was driven by the idea of a civilising mission. Education was seen as one way to civilise the natives.
Limitations :
(i) Only the Vietnamese elites comprising a small fraction of the population were enrolled in the schools.
(ii) Only a few among those admitted ultimately were allowed to pass the School-Leaving Examination. This was largely because of a deliberate policy of failing students, particularly in the final year, so that they could not qualify for the better-paid jobs. Usually, as many as two-thirds of the students were failed. In 1925, in a population of 17 million, there were less than 400 who could pass the examination.
(iii) New textbooks glorified French Culture, and justified, colonial rule.
(iv) In the textbooks, the Vietnamese were represented as primitive and backward, who were only capable of manual labour.
(v) The school children were taught that only French rule could provide a conducive atmosphere for the overall development of the Vietnamese, whereas the reality was opposite.
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(b) Huynh Phu So.
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