According to Ernst Renan what are the attributes of a nation.
In a lecture delivered at the University of Sorbonne in 1882, the French philosopher Ernst Renan (1823-92) outlined his understanding of what makes a nation. The lecture was subsequently published as a famous essay entitled ‘Qu'est-ce qu'une nation?' (‘What is a Nation?').
In this essay Renan criticises the notion suggested by others that a nation is formed by a common language, race, religion, or territory: ‘A nation is the culmination of a long past of endeavours, sacrifice and devotion. A heroic past, great men, glory, that is the social capital upon which one bases a national idea. To have common glories in the past, to have a common will in the present, to have performed great deeds together, to wish to perform still more, these are the essential conditions of being a people. A nation is therefore a large-scale solidarity … Its existence is a daily plebiscite … A province is its inhabitants; if anyone has the right to be consulted, it is the inhabitant. A nation never has any real interest in annexing or holding on to a country against its will. The existence of nations is a good thing, a necessity even. Their existence is a guarantee of liberty, which would be lost if the world had only one law and only one master.'
What is the Ho Chi Minh trail? Describe any three points of its importance. [CBSE Comp. (D) 2008, March 2011]
Early Vietnamese nationalists had close relationship with Japan and China'. ^ Explain by giving examples.[CBSE 2013 (D)]
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Describe any five features of the Go East Movement'.
Who was Paul Bernard ? What were his views regarding the development of colonies ?
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Describe the views of Paul Bernard on the question of development of the colonies. Mention any three barriers to which were a hurdle in improving the economy of Vietnam. [CBSE 2011]
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How did Paul Bernard argue in favour of economic development of Vietnam ? Explain. [CBSE 2015 (O)]
There were two broad opinions on the new education policy introduced by the French in Vietnam'. Discuss. [CBSE March 2011]
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Explain the two opinions on the question of the use of the French language as the medium of instruction in the French i schools established for the Vietnamese in Vietnam. [CBSE 2010 (D)]
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Why did some French policy makers in Vietnam emphasis the need to use the French language as the medium of instruction ? [CBSE 2015]
Mention any two proposals suggested by Bernard to improve the economic condition of Vietnam.
How was education used as a weapon by the Vietnamese to fight against the colonialism ? Explain.
How has Vietnam become the third largest exporter of rice in the world during French colonialisation ? Explain four causes. [CBSE Comp. (D) 2008]
Who was Phan Chu Trinh ? How did he help in the modernisation of Vietnam ? [CBSE March 2011]
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Explain any four ideas of Phan Chu Trinh. [CBSE March 2011, 2012, 2013(D), 2014(F)]
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Explain the features of the ideology of Phan Chu Trinh. [CBSE March 2011]
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Explain the ideas of Phan Chu Trinh to establish a democratic republic in Viet nam. [CBSE 2014]
How did students in Vietnam fight against the colonial government's efforts to prevent Vietnamese from qualifying for white collar jobs' ? Explain. [CBSE 2014(0)]
How was the idea of “looking modem” implemented in Tonkin Free School ? Explain. [CBSE 2012]
What steps did the French revolutionaries take to create a sense of collective identity among the French people?
Why was a new education policy introduced by the French in Vietnam ? What were the limitations or drawbacks of the new education policy introduced by the French in Vietnam ?[CBSE March 2011, 2015 (D)]
US entry into the war marked a new phase that proved costly to the Vietnamese as well as to the Americans.” Explain. [CBSE 2014]
The US media and films played a major role in both supporting as well as criti cising the Vietnam war/ Explain.
Why most of the Vietnamese intellectuals were against the introduction of French curriculam in the schools ?
What was the development in China- which took place in 1911 and inspired the Vietnamese nationalists ?
Explain the role of women in the anti imperial struggle in Vietnam.
[CBSE March 2011]
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Evaluate the role of Vietnamese women during 1960s war period and after the war in peace time. [CBSE 2008, 2010 (F) 2014 (D) Compt.]
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Who wrote the play based on the lives of Trung sisters ? What was depicted in the play ? [CBSE 2014]
What changes did Napoleon introduce to make the administrative system more efficient in the territories ruled by him?
Explain the causes of the US involvement in the war in Vietnam. What effect did this involvement have on life within US itself ? [CBSE March 2011 ]
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“The war grew out of a fear among US policy planners that the victory of the Ho Chi Minh Government would start a domino effect.” Support the statement explaining three reasons. [CBSE 2012]
Why some policy makers of France to emphasised the need to use the French language as a medium of instruction in Vietnam ?