History

The Age of Industrialisation

Question:

When Manchester industrialists began selling cloth in India, they put labels with pictures on the cloth bundles. Why did they do so ? Explain.

Answer:

(i) They used these pictures to advertise their products and to expand their markets.
(ii) Images of Indian gods and goddesses regularly appeared on these labels. It was as if the association with gods gave divine approval to the goods being sold. The imprinted image of Krishna or Saraswati was also intended to make the manufacturer from a foreign land appear somewhat familiar to Indian people.
(iii) Figures of important personages, emperors and nawabs, adorned advertisements and calendars. The messages very often seemed to say; if you respect the royal figure, then respect this product; when the product was being used by kings, or produced under royal command, its quality could not be questioned.

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The Age of Industrialisation

Q 1.

Give reasons why the handloom weavers in India survived the onslaught of the machine made textiles of Manchester ?  [CBSE Sept. 2010]
Or
How did small scale industries survive in India despite of Industrialisation ?  [CBSE 2013]

Q 2.

Write a brief note on the East India company.

Q 3.

Write a short note on the development of factories in India.
Or
Explain the growth of factories in India.

Q 4.

Why did the upper class people prefer to use hand products in the Victorian period ? Explain with examples.
Why in Victorian Britain, the upper classes preferred things produced by hand ? Give three reasons. (CBSE Sept. 2010)

Q 5.

What was fly shuttle ?

Q 6.

What technological change helped in improving production of India industry during the 20th century ?

Q 7.

Explain the impact of industrialisation on
(a) Women
(b) Children
(c) Do you think child labour is still a major problem? Suggest any two ways to check child labour.

Q 8.

What were the benefits enjoyed by the villagers in the proto- industrial system.

Q 9.

“By the 1860s Indian weavers failed to get sufficient supply of raw cotton of good quality”. Give reason.

Q 10.

"In Victorian Britain, the upper classes – the aristocrats and the bourgeoisie – preferred things produced by hand". Give reason.

Q 11.

What was importance of advertisements in expanding the market during the colonial period ?

Q 12.

What were the problems faced by the textile manufacturers in India in the late 1800s ?

Q 13.

Who created the cotton mill ? How did it help in improving the production ?

Q 14.

Name the ports which grew during the colonial period.

Q 15.

Who were Gomasthas ? [CASE 2014]

Q 16.

Name the European Managing agencies which controlled the large sector of Indian industries.

Q 17.

When was the first cotton mill established in Bombay ?

Q 18.

During the first world war years industrial production in India boomed. Give reason.

Q 19.

What is the importance of advertisement? How advertisement was used by the Britishers to expand the market for their products?

Q 20.

What was the role of trade guilds ? Explain.

Q 21.

Why the pre-colonial ports i.e. Surat and Masulipatnam declined by the 1750's ?

Q 22.

Why there were clashes between weavers and gomasthas ?

Q 23.

Explain what is meant by proto industrialisation.

Q 24.

Name the provinces where most of the large-scale industries were located. How can you say that small-scale production continued to predominate even in the late 20th century ?

Q 25.

Who created the cotton mill ? [CBSE 2014]

Q 26.

Name any four entrepreneurs of India who set factories during colonial period.

Q 27.

Who was a jobber ?

Q 28.

Mention any three social causes of the clashes between Gomasthas and Villagers. [CBSE 2014]

Q 29.

Industrialisation brought a big change in social structure. Do you agree? Justify.

Q 30.

Why did Industrial production in India increase during the First World War?

Q 31.

What was the Swadeshi movement?

Q 32.

In the seventeenth and the eighteenth centuries, the merchants from the towns in Europe began moving to the countryside.' Give reasons.
Or
Explain any three major problems faced by the new European merchants in setting up their industries in towns before the Industrial Revolution. [CBSE 2008 (D) Sept. 2012]
Or
What is meant by proto-industrialisation ? Why was it successful in the countryside in England in the 17th century ?  [CBSE Sept. 2008. 2011. 2012]
Or
Throw light on production during the proto-industrialisation phase in Europe in the 17th and 18th centuries with an example. [CBSF. Sept. 2010]

Q 33.

By the first decade of the 20th century, a series of changes affected the pattern of industrialisation in India. Explain.  [CBSE 2008. Sept. 2013]

Q 34.

Industrialisation was a mixed blessing.’ Explain by giving examples. [CBSE 2014]

Q 35.

Why women workers attacked the spinning Jenny a machine which was introduced in Britain ?

Q 36.

“Under the colonial era the Indian merchants were discriminated and space within which Indian merchants could function became increasingly limited’. Justify.

Q 37.

When Indian manufacturers advertised, the nationalist message was clear and loud."What was the message ?

Q 38.

How do Cloth Merchants function?

Q 39.

Which industry was symbol of the new era ?

Q 40.

Name the goods from India Which dominated the international market before the age of machine industries.

Q 41.

”Before establishing political power in Bengal and Carnatic in the 1760 and 1770s, the East India Company had found it difficult to ensure a regular supply of goods for export. Give reasons.

Q 42.

‘By I860. Indian weavers could not get sufficient supply of raw cotton of good quality.' Give reason.

Q 43.

What was the impact of the First World War on the British industries ?

Q 44.

Name the provinces where most of the large-scale industries were located during the colonial period.

Q 45.

What is meant by proto-industrialisation ? How did it affect the rural peasants and artisans ? [CBSE 2012]
Or
How did the poor peasants and artisans benefit during the proto-industrialisation phase? [CBSE 2011]

Q 46.

How did the abundance of labour in the market affect the lives of the workers in Britain during the nineteenth century? Explain with examples. [CBSE Comp. (O) 2008]

Q 47.

Explain the following :
(a) Woman workers in Britain attacked the Spinning Jenny. [CBSE Sept. 2011]
(b) In the seventeenth century, merchants from towns In Europe began employing peasants and artisans within the villages.
(c) The port of Surat declined by the end of the eighteenth century.
(d) The East India Company appointed Gomasthas to supervise the weavers in India. [CBSE Sept. 2011]

Q 48.

What was the impact of colonisation of India on the Indian traders and merchants ?

Q 49.

Why was East India Company keen on expanding textile exports from India during the 1760 ? Explain any three reasons. [CBSE 2013]

Q 50.

Name any two European Managing Agencies which controlled a large sector of the Indian industries. Describe any  three functions performed by such agencies. (CBSE 2013)