What is meant by the term broad spectrum antibiotics? Explain.
Broad spectrum antibiotics are effective against several different types or wide range of harmful bacteria. For example, tetracycline, chloramphenicol and of loxacin. Chloramphenicol can be used in case of typhoid, dysentry, acute fever, urinary infections, meningitis and pneumonia.
Compounds with antiseptic properties are
(a) CHCl, (b) CHI3
(c) Boric acid (d) 0.3 ppm aqueous solution of Cl2
Sodium salts of some acids are Very useful as food preservatives. Suggest a few such acids.
With the help of an example explain how do tranquilizers control the feeling of depression?
Assertion (A): Chemical messengers are chemicals that enable communi ¬cation of message between two neutrons or between neurons and muscles. Reason (R): Chemicals enter the cell through receptor.
Write the chemical equation for preparing sodium soap from glyceryl oleate and glyceryl palmitate. Structures of these compounds are given below:
(i)(C15H31COO)3C3H5-Glyceryl palmitate
(ii)(C17H32COO)3C3H5-Glyceryl oleate
How does the branching of hydrocarbon chain of synthetic detergents affect their biodegradability?
What happens when the bond formed between an enzyme and an inhibitor is a strong covalent bond?
Which of the following compounds are administered as ant-acids?
(a) Sodium carbonate (b)Sodium Hydrogen carbonate
(c)Aluminium carbonate (d)Magnism Hydroxide
Which of the following are anionic detergents?
(a) Sodium salts of sulphonated long chain alcohol.
(b) Ester of stearic acid and polyethylene glycol.
(c) Quaternary ammonium salt of amine with acetate ion.
(d) Sodium salts of sulphonated long chain hydrocarbons.
Assertion (A): Receptor proteins show selectivity for one chemical messenger over the other.
Reason (R): Chemical messenger binds to the receptor site and inhibits its natural function.
Aspirin is pain relieving antipyretic drug but can be used to prevent heart attack. Explain.
Assertion (A): Sulpha drug contain sulphonamide group.
Reason (R): Salvarsan is a sulpha drug.
Explain the following terms with suitable examples:
(i) cationic detergents (ii) anionic detergents and (iii) non-ionic detergents
Match the class of compounds given in Column I with their functions given in Column II.
In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) followed by a statement of Reason (R) is given. Choose the correct answer out of the following choices:
(a) Assertion and reason both are correct statements but reason does not explain assertion.
(b) Assertion and reason-both are correct statements and reason explains the assertion.
(c) Both assertion and reason are wrong statement.
(d) Assertion is correct statement and reason is wrong statements.
(e) Assertion is wrong statements and reason is correct statement.
Assertion (A): Penicillin (G) is an antihistamine.
Reason (R): Penicillin (G) is effective against gram positive as well as gram negative bacteria. .
Assertion (A): Artificial sweeteners are added to the food to control the intake of calories.
Reason (R): Most of the artificial sweeteners are inert and do not metabolise in the body.
Synthetic detergents have advantage over usual soaps as far as cleansing power is concerned. But use of synthetic detergents over a long time creates environmental pollution. How can the pollution caused by synthetic detergents be minimized? Classify the detergents according to their chemical nature.
What are enzyme inhibitors? Classify them on the basis of their mode of attachments on the active site of enzymes. With the help of diagrams explain how do inhibitors inhibit the enzymatic activity.
Ckemistnj in Evenjdai] Life 325
Sleeping pills are recommended by doctors to the patients suffering from sleeplessness but it is not advisable to take its doses without consultation with the doctor. Why?
With refrence to which classification has the statement "ranitidine is an antacid", been given?
Following type of non-ionic detergents are present in liquid detergents, emulsifying agents and wetting agents. Label the hydrophilic and hydrophobic part in the molecule. Identify the functional group (s) present in the molecule.
Low level of noradrenaline is the cause of depression. What type of drugs are needed to cure this problem? Name two drugs.
