Solutions, Suspensions And Colloids
Before we discuss the solutions, suspensions and colloids in detail, we should know the meaning of two terms : solute and solvent. The 'substance which is dissolved' in a liquid to make a solution is called 'solute', and the 'liquid' in which solute is dissolved is known as'solvent'.For example, salt solution is made by dissolving salt in water, so in salt solution, 'salt' is the 'solute' and 'water' is the 'solvent'. Similarly,the substances like sugar, ammonium chloride, copper sulphate and urea, etc.,which are dissolved in water to make solutions are called 'solutes', whereas water is the 'solvent'. Usually, the substance present in lesser amount in a solution is considered the solute, and the substance present in greater amount in a solution isconsidered the solvent. Please note that the solute particles are also called 'dispersed particles' and solvents are also known as 'dispersion medium'. Solutions, suspensions and colloids differ in the size of solute particles (or dispersed particles), the size of particles being minimum in solutions and maximum in suspensions.
Though most of the common solutes are solids but even the liquids and gases can also be solutes.Water is the most common solvent. So, most of the solutions are those in which water is the solvent. Water is an aqueous solvent. The organic liquids like alcohol, acetone, carbon tetrachloride, carbon disulphide and benzene are called non-aqueous solvents. The solutions made by dissolving various solutes in water are called aqueous solutions. On the other hand, the solutions made by dissolving solutes in organic liquids are called non-aqueous solutions. We will now discuss the solutions, suspensions and colloids in detail, one by one. Let us start with the solutions.
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Matter in Our Surroundings - Notes
2. 7. Metals are Solids at the Room Temperature
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4. 3. Non-Metals are Bad Conductors of Heat and Electricity.
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8. 7. Non-Metals may be Solid, Liquid or Gases at the Room Temperature.
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9. 11. Non-Metals Have Many Different Colours.
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15. 8. Metals Generally Have High Melting Points and Boiling Points.
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19. 8. Non-Metals Have Comparatively Low Melting Points and Boiling Points
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23. To Study the Properties of a Suspension
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24. Chemical Formula for daily use material
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25. Effect of Temperature and Pressure on Solubility
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26. 1. Non-Metals are Not Malleable. Non-Metals are Brittle.
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31. Pure Substances : Elements and Compounds
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33. 3. Metals are Good Conductors of Heat and Electricity.
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34. 4. Non-Metals are Not Lustrous (Not Shiny). They are Dull in Appearance.
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37. 1. Separation by a Suitable Solvent
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39. Solutions, Suspensions And Colloids
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46. Comparison Among the Properties of Metals and Non-Metals
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47. Differences Between Mixtures and Compounds
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50. Separation Of Mixture Of a Solid And a Liquids
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