Chemistry

Matter in Our Surroundings


Mixtures


A mixture is a substance which consists of two or more elements or compounds not chemically combined together. For example, air is a mixture of gases like oxygen, nitrogen, argon, carbon dioxide and water vapour, etc. The various gases of the air are not chemically combined with one another. Similarly,gunpowder is a mixture of potassium nitrate, sulphur and charcoal (charcoal is a form of carbon), whereas brass is a mixture of copper and zinc. All the solutions are mixtures. For example, salt-solution (brine) is a mixture of common salt (sodium chloride) in water. Please note that the various substances present in a mixture are known as "constituents of the mixture" or "components of the mixture". Some of the examples of mixtures are : Air, Gunpowder, Brass, Salt solution, Sugar solution, Milk, Sea-water, Ink, Kerosene oil,Petrol, Petroleum, Lime-water, Paint, Glass, Coal, Soil, Wood, Blood, Starch solution, Soap solution, Iron and sulphur mixture, Dyes, Alcohol and water, Petrol and water, Chalk-water mixture, Soda water, Soft drinks. Lemonade, Vinegar, Muddy river water, Flour in water. Milk of Magnesia, Butter, Cheese, Face cream, Shaving cream, Hair spray, Smoke, Fog and Mist.

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Notes


Matter in Our Surroundings - Notes
1. 2. Metals are Ductile.
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2. 9. Non-Metals Have Low Densities.
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3. 7. Metals are Solids at the Room Temperature
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4. 3. Non-Metals are Bad Conductors of Heat and Electricity.
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5. 11. Non-Metals Have Many Different Colours.
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6. Properties of Metals
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7. The Case of Solutions
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8. 3. Separation by a Magnet
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9. Concentration of a Solution
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10. 7. Non-Metals may be Solid, Liquid or Gases at the Room Temperature.
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11. Impure Substances: Mixtures
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12. 5. Non-Metals are Generally Soft
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13. Non-Metals
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14. Is Matter Around Us Pure
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15. Elements
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16. 8. Non-Metals Have Comparatively Low Melting Points and Boiling Points
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17. 6. Separation by Distillation
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18. 8. Metals Generally Have High Melting Points and Boiling Points.
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19. Types of Solutions
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20. 2. Separation by Centrifugation
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21. 1. Metals are Malleable.
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22. Physical And Chemical Changes
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23. Solutions
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24. To Study the Properties of a Suspension
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25. Pure Substances : Elements and Compounds
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26. Properties of a Suspension
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27. Metals
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28. Effect of Temperature and Pressure on Solubility
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29. 1. Non-Metals are Not Malleable. Non-Metals are Brittle.
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30. 2. Non-Metals are Not Ductile.
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31. 10. Non-Metals are Not Sonorous.
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32. Separation of the Gases of the Air
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33. 4. Purification by Crystallisation
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34. 1. Separation by Fractional Distillation
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35. To Study the Properties of a Solution
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36. Chemical Formula for daily use material
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37. Metals, Non-Metals and Metalloids
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38. 6. Metals are Usually Strong. They Have High Tensile Strength.
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39. 4. Non-Metals are Not Lustrous (Not Shiny). They are Dull in Appearance.
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40. Separation of Mixture Of Two Solids
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41. Separation Of Mixture Of a Solid And a Liquids
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42. To Separate the Salt-Water Mixture (or Salt-Solution)
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43. 2. Separation by a Separating Funnel
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44. 5. Metals are Generally Hard
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45. 11. Metals Usually Have a Silver or Grey Colour
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46. Properties of Non-Metals
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47. Compounds
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48. The Case of Alloys
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49. Solutions, Suspensions And Colloids
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50. properties of a Solution
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