Liquids
In liquids, the particles are close together, but they are not as close as in solids. In fact, the particles are somewhat loosely packed in liquids (see Figure (b)]. The spaces between the particles of a liquid are slightly more than that in a solid but they are still very small. There is a quite strong force of attraction between the particles of a liquid which holds them together but the force is not strong enough to hold the particles in fixed positions. So, due to comparatively less strong interparticle forces, the positions of particles in a liquid are not fixed. The particles of a liquid can move from one position to another within the liquid.The particles of a liquid have more kinetic energy than the particles of a solid. Due to this, the liquids have a more disorderly arrangement of particles than solids. The particles in a liquid are also vibrating. If a liquid is heated, then its particles begin to move faster.
We will now explain the properties of a liquid. A liquid does not have a fixed shape because the positions of its particles are not fixed due to comparatively less strong forces of attraction between thrm. A liquid takes the shape of its container because the particles of a liquid can slide over one another easily. A liquid has a fixed volume because, at a given temperature, the spaces between its particles are fixed. A liquid cannot be compressed much because its particles are still quite close together and have very small spaces between them. A liquid has comparatively high density because its particles are still quite close together. A liquid does not fill its container completely because its particles are held fairly strongly by the interparticle forces and hence cannot leave the body of liquid to fill the whole container. A liquid generally flows easily because its particles are able to slide over one another due to slightly weaker interparticle forces of attraction.
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3. 2. Liquid to Gas Change : Boiling (or Vaporisation)
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4. 2. Latent Heat of Vaporisation (Liquid to Gas Change)
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5. Effect of 'Heating' and 'Cooling' on a Saturated Solution
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6. Classification Of Matter As Solids, Liquids And Gases
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9. Why Solids, Liquids and Gases Have Different Properties
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14. 2. The Particles of Matter have Spaces Between Them
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15. 1. Solid to Liquid Change : Melting
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16. 3. Gas to Liquid Change : Condensation
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20. 1. Latent Heat of Fusion (Solid to Liquid Change)
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24. 1. The Particles of Matter are Very, Very Small
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26. 4. The Particles of Matter Attract Each Other
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28. 3. The Particles of Matter are Constantly Moving
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29. Characteristics of Particles of Matter
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30. 4. Liquid to Solid Change : Freezing
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31. Two More States of Matter : Plasma and Bose-Einstein Condensate
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38. The Common Unit Of Temperature and Si Unit Of Temperatre
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39. To Show That Solids and Liquids Cannot be Compressed but Gases Can be Compressed Easily
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44. To Show that Liquids do not have a Fixed Shape but they have a Fixed Volume
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45. To Show the Presence of Water Vapour in Air
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49. Gases Can be Liquefied by Applying Pressure and Lowering Temperature
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50. To Show that Gases do not have a Fixed Shape or a Fixed Volume
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