Economics

Introduction to Microeconomics

Question:

Discuss the subject matter of economics.

Answer:

 

  1.  The subject matter of economics includes microeconomics and macroeconomics.
  2. Microeconomics, studies the behaviour of individual economic units of an economy, like households, firms, individual consumers and producers etc. It does not study the economy as a whole.
  3. Macroeconomics is the part of economic theory that studies the economy as a whole, such as national income, aggregate employment, general price level, aggregate consumption, aggregate investment, etc.
previuos
next

Introduction to Microeconomics

Q 1.

Give two examples of growth of resources.

Q 2.

What is meant by economy?

Q 3.

Name any three variables of macroeconomics.

Q 4.

A country's resources are fully and p efficiently employed. The problem of scarcity exists. What advice would be given to raise the efficiency level of the human resource to fight scarcity?

Q 5.

What is economics?

Q 6.

Explain the meaning of opportunity cost with the help of production possibility schedule.[CBSE, All India 2013]

Q 7.

A doctor has a private clinic in New Delhi and his annual earnings are Rs 10 lakh. If he works in a government hospital in New Delhi, his annual earning will be Rs 8 lakh. What is the opportunity cost of having a clinic in New Delhi?

Q 8.

Massive unemployment will shift PPC to the left. Defend or refute.

Q 9.

How does Maruti Udyog Ltd. fix the prices of its cars, is it studied in macroeconomics?

Q 10.

Which type of science is economics?

Q 11.

Give two examples of underutilisation of resources.

Q 12.

"An economy always produces on but not inside PPC. Defend or refute.

Q 13.

What is meant by economising of resources? [CBSE 2003]

Q 14.

Giving reason comment on the shape of Production Possibilities curve based on the following schedule.
ncert-solutions-for-class-12-micro-economics-introduction-to-economics-19

Q 15.

Giving reason comment on the shape of Production Possibilities Curve based on the following schedule.
ncert-solutions-for-class-12-micro-economics-introduction-to-economics-24

Q 16.

State the central problems of an economy. [CBSE Sample Paper 2014]

Q 17.

A job guarantee scheme will lead to a rightward shift of PPF.

Q 18.

With the same amount of resources a farmer can feed the following combination of goats and horses:
ncert-solutions-for-class-12-micro-economics-introduction-to-economics-12
Taking into consideration the options available with him, find out the opportunity cost of the farmer of feeding one horse.

Q 19.

Economy always operates on PPC.

Q 20.

Define Production Possibility Curve and state its properties.[CBSE, All India 2013 C]

Q 21.

PPC is concave shaped as production of one good can be increased only by reducing quantity of another good.

Q 22.

The government has started promoting foreign capital. What is its economic value in the context of Production Possibilities Frontier?

Q 23.

Production in an economy is below to its potentiality due to unemployment. Government starts employment generation schemes. Explain its effects by using production possibility curve.
ncert-solutions-for-class-12-micro-economics-introduction-to-economics-9

Q 24.

What does a rightward shift of production possibility curve indicate?[CBSE 2007]

Q 25.

Why PPC is concave to the point of origin? [CBSE 2011, AI 2007]

Q 26.

State any three assumptions on which a production possibilities curve is based. [CBSE 2013 Q]

Q 27.

Economy can never operate outside PPC with the given resources and technology.

Q 28.

India is a labour abundance and capital scarce economy. Which technique of production should be used to produce the commodity?

Q 29.

As water resources are limited in our country, how can we economise the water resources so that it could not cause a future problem for us? Give any two suggestions.

Q 30.

Scarcity of resources is a universal phenomenon and is not confined to poor and backward countries only. Comment.

Q 31.

A teacher is getting Rs 6,000 per month as salary. If he leaves the job and starts tuition work, he is expected to earn Rs 5,000 per month. What would be his opportunity cost?

Q 32.

Why is production possibility curve also called opportunity cost curve?

Q 33.

Give reasons for the following statements:

  1. Every economy has to make the decision relating to what to produce.
  2. Problem of choice arises because available resources have alternative uses.

Q 34.

If a PPF shifts to the right, the new PPF will be parallel to the original.

Q 35.

If the economy operates inside PPC, it shows full utilisation of resources.

Q 36.

Although water is useful, yet it is cheap. On the contrary, diamond is not much of use, still it is very expensive. Give an economic reason for this paradox.

Q 37.

Large number of technical training institutions have been started by the government. State its economic value in the context of production possibility frontier.

Q 38.

Giving reason comment on the shape of Production Possibilities curve based on the following schedule.
ncert-solutions-for-class-12-micro-economics-introduction-to-economics-17

Q 39.

What do you mean by the production possibilities of an economy?

Q 40.

Define Marginal Rate of Transformation (MRT). [CBSE 2012]

Q 41.

Give one/two examples of microeconomics study.[CBSE 2004C, 09, 09C, 11C;AI 2004, 05, 07, 11]
Or
Name any three variables of micro-economics.

Q 42.

Give reasons for the following statements:

  1. A Production Possibility Frontier is always a downward sloping concave curve.
  2. An efficient economy would always produce a combination of goods
    that lies on the given Production Possibility Frontier.
  3. Growth of an economy is represented in the form of a rightward shift of a Production Possibility Frontier.

Q 43.

In the context of an economy when we talk about scarcity', we refer to short supply of land.

Q 44.

Only Scarce Goods' attract price."Comment.

Q 45.

Giving reason comment on the shape of Production Possibilities curve based on the following schedule. 
ncert-solutions-for-class-12-micro-economics-introduction-to-economics-21

Q 46.

Discuss the subject matter of economics.

Q 47.

Why does an economic problem arise? [CBSE 2006, 07C, 09;  Or AI 2007]
State any two causes of economic problem. [CBSE 2005C, 09C, 12;Or AI 2007]
State two characteristics of the economic resources which give rise to economic problem.Or [AI 2007]
Why does problem of choice arise?[CBSE 2004, 05C, 06, 07] Or
Explain three factors that lead to an economic problem.

Q 48.

Economic problem arises due to plenty of resources.

Q 49.

Because of destruction caused by war, a country's PPF will shift to the left.

Q 50.

"Scarcity and choice go all together". Defend or refute.