Economics

Introduction to Microeconomics

Question:

Define Production Possibility Curve and state its properties.[CBSE, All India 2013 C]

Answer:

Production possibility curve is a curve which depicts all possible combinations of two goods which can be produced with given resources and technology in an economy. Properties of Production Possibility Curve

  1. PPC is downward sloping: The downward slope of PPC means if the country wants to produce more of one good, it has to produce less quantity of the other goods.
  2.  PPC is concave to the point of origin: Concave shape of PPC implies that the slope of PPC increases. Slope of PPC is defined as the quantity of goods Y given up in exchange for additional unit of goods X.[Slope of Production Possibility Curve]
    =frac { Delta Y }{ Delta X } =frac { Amountquad ofquad Goodquad Yquad lost }{ Amountquad ofGoodquad Xquad gained }
    [Slope of PPC] = MRT = [Marginal Opportunity Cost]
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Introduction to Microeconomics

Q 1.

A country's resources are fully and p efficiently employed. The problem of scarcity exists. What advice would be given to raise the efficiency level of the human resource to fight scarcity?

Q 2.

Massive unemployment will shift PPC to the left. Defend or refute.

Q 3.

Giving reason comment on the shape of Production Possibilities curve based on the following schedule.
ncert-solutions-for-class-12-micro-economics-introduction-to-economics-17

Q 4.

Explain the meaning of opportunity cost with the help of production possibility schedule.[CBSE, All India 2013]

Q 5.

A doctor has a private clinic in New Delhi and his annual earnings are Rs 10 lakh. If he works in a government hospital in New Delhi, his annual earning will be Rs 8 lakh. What is the opportunity cost of having a clinic in New Delhi?

Q 6.

"An economy always produces on but not inside PPC. Defend or refute.

Q 7.

Give two examples of growth of resources.

Q 8.

Name any three variables of macroeconomics.

Q 9.

How does Maruti Udyog Ltd. fix the prices of its cars, is it studied in macroeconomics?

Q 10.

Giving reason comment on the shape of Production Possibilities curve based on the following schedule.
ncert-solutions-for-class-12-micro-economics-introduction-to-economics-19

Q 11.

What is meant by economy?

Q 12.

Giving reasons, state whether the  following statements are true or false.
 An economy always manages to meet all the needs of the people living in the country.

Q 13.

Which type of science is economics?

Q 14.

There are various sources of income a teacher has; such as,

  1.  He can earn Rs 40000 from teaching in school.
  2. He can earn Rs 50000 by tuition/ coaching
  3. He earns Rs 60000 by writing the help book guides.
    What is the opportunity cost of his teaching in school? Why should he choose teaching profession?

Q 15.

India is a labour abundance and capital scarce economy. Which technique of production should be used to produce the commodity?

Q 16.

As water resources are limited in our country, how can we economise the water resources so that it could not cause a future problem for us? Give any two suggestions.

Q 17.

Why is production possibility curve also called opportunity cost curve?

Q 18.

Although water is useful, yet it is cheap. On the contrary, diamond is not much of use, still it is very expensive. Give an economic reason for this paradox.

Q 19.

What is economics?

Q 20.

A farmer is getting more profit by producing opium rather than that of wheat. In situation of famine which crop should be produced?

Q 21.

Giving reason comment on the shape of Production Possibilities curve based on the following schedule. 
ncert-solutions-for-class-12-micro-economics-introduction-to-economics-21

Q 22.

Why PPC is concave to the point of origin? [CBSE 2011, AI 2007]

Q 23.

State the central problems of an economy. [CBSE Sample Paper 2014]

Q 24.

Economic problem arises due to plenty of resources.

Q 25.

Only Scarce Goods' attract price."Comment.

Q 26.

State any two central problems under ‘problem of allocation of resources’.[CBSE Sample Paper 2016]

Q 27.

Because of destruction caused by war, a country's PPF will shift to the left.

Q 28.

In the context of an economy when we talk about scarcity', we refer to short supply of land.

Q 29.

Define Opportunity Cost. [CBSE 2007]
Or
Give the meaning of  Opportunity Cost'. [CBSE 2008, 09]

Q 30.

Economy always operates on PPC.

Q 31.

"Scarcity and choice go all together". Defend or refute.

Q 32.

Name the economic value achievable when attempts are made to increase resources in the country.

Q 33.

What is likely to be the impact of Make in India' appeal to the foreign investors by the Prime Minister of India, on the production possibilities frontiers of India? Explain.

Q 34.

What is meant by central problem of an economy?

Q 35.

A Production Possibility Frontier' (PPF) is always represented as a upward sloping curve.

Q 36.

In an underdeveloped economy why there is the need of efficient utilization of resources?

Q 37.

Scarcity of resources is a universal phenomenon and is not confined to poor and backward countries only. Comment.

Q 38.

The problems of scarcity of resources and their alternate uses arise everywhere but particularly in backward countries. For their solution non-economic considerations can be stressed. How?

Q 39.

Unemployment is reduced due to the measures taken by the government. State its economic value in the context of production possibilities frontier.

Q 40.

With the same amount of resources a farmer can feed the following combination of goats and horses:
ncert-solutions-for-class-12-micro-economics-introduction-to-economics-12
Taking into consideration the options available with him, find out the opportunity cost of the farmer of feeding one horse.

Q 41.

What will likely be the impact of large scale outflow of foreign capital on Production Possibility Curve of the economy and why? 
ncert-solutions-for-class-12-micro-economics-introduction-to-economics-14

Q 42.

Discuss the central problems of an economy.

Q 43.

Discuss the subject matter of economics.

Q 44.

State two features of resources that give rise to an economic problem.

Q 45.

Give one/two examples of microeconomics study.[CBSE 2004C, 09, 09C, 11C;AI 2004, 05, 07, 11]
Or
Name any three variables of micro-economics.

Q 46.

Define Marginal Opportunity Cost. Explain the concept with a hypothetical numerical example.[CBSE Sample Paper 2016]

Q 47.

If a PPF shifts to the right, the new PPF will be parallel to the original.

Q 48.

If the economy operates inside PPC, it shows full utilisation of resources.

Q 49.

Define Marginal Opportunity Cost.[AI 2008]

Q 50.

Why is it that on one hand coal is found in plenty, yet it is scarce while on the other, a rotten vegetable is rare but not scarce?