Economics

Introduction to Microeconomics

Question:

What is likely to be the impact of efforts towards reducing unemployment on the production potential of the economy? Explain.

Answer:

  • The economy moves towards the full employment, thereby removes unemployment.
  • This can be done when government starts employment generation schemes. By this, economy moves towards full employment and production potentiality of an economy increases.
  • It can be explained with the help of the following diagram. In the given figure,
    from unemployment (U), we are moving towards full employment (F).
    ncert-solutions-for-class-12-micro-economics-introduction-to-economics-16
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Introduction to Microeconomics

Q 1.

Name any three variables of macroeconomics.

Q 2.

Give two examples of growth of resources.

Q 3.

Give two examples of underutilisation of resources.

Q 4.

What is economics?

Q 5.

What is meant by economising of resources? [CBSE 2003]

Q 6.

What is meant by economy?

Q 7.

Which type of science is economics?

Q 8.

A doctor has a private clinic in New Delhi and his annual earnings are Rs 10 lakh. If he works in a government hospital in New Delhi, his annual earning will be Rs 8 lakh. What is the opportunity cost of having a clinic in New Delhi?

Q 9.

Giving reason comment on the shape of Production Possibilities curve based on the following schedule.
ncert-solutions-for-class-12-micro-economics-introduction-to-economics-19

Q 10.

"An economy always produces on but not inside PPC. Defend or refute.

Q 11.

How does Maruti Udyog Ltd. fix the prices of its cars, is it studied in macroeconomics?

Q 12.

Whether the cotton textile industry is an example of micro or macroeconomics?

Q 13.

Giving reason comment on the shape of Production Possibilities Curve based on the following schedule.
ncert-solutions-for-class-12-micro-economics-introduction-to-economics-24

Q 14.

Define Opportunity Cost. [CBSE 2007]
Or
Give the meaning of  Opportunity Cost'. [CBSE 2008, 09]

Q 15.

A country's resources are fully and p efficiently employed. The problem of scarcity exists. What advice would be given to raise the efficiency level of the human resource to fight scarcity?

Q 16.

Define Marginal Opportunity Cost. Explain the concept with a hypothetical numerical example.[CBSE Sample Paper 2016]

Q 17.

If a PPF shifts to the right, the new PPF will be parallel to the original.

Q 18.

A Production Possibility Frontier' (PPF) is always represented as a upward sloping curve.

Q 19.

If the economy operates inside PPC, it shows full utilisation of resources.

Q 20.

State the central problems of an economy. [CBSE Sample Paper 2014]

Q 21.

Production in an economy is below to its potentiality due to unemployment. Government starts employment generation schemes. Explain its effects by using production possibility curve.
ncert-solutions-for-class-12-micro-economics-introduction-to-economics-9

Q 22.

Explain the meaning of opportunity cost with the help of production possibility schedule.[CBSE, All India 2013]

Q 23.

Why is production possibility curve also called opportunity cost curve?

Q 24.

Giving reasons, state whether the  following statements are true or false.
 An economy always manages to meet all the needs of the people living in the country.

Q 25.

A job guarantee scheme will lead to a rightward shift of PPF.

Q 26.

PPC is concave shaped as production of one good can be increased only by reducing quantity of another good.

Q 27.

Unemployment is reduced due to the measures taken by the government. State its economic value in the context of production possibilities frontier.

Q 28.

A teacher is getting Rs 6,000 per month as salary. If he leaves the job and starts tuition work, he is expected to earn Rs 5,000 per month. What would be his opportunity cost?

Q 29.

Discuss the central problems of an economy.

Q 30.

Discuss the subject matter of economics.

Q 31.

State two features of resources that give rise to an economic problem.

Q 32.

In an underdeveloped economy why there is the need of efficient utilization of resources?

Q 33.

India is a labour abundance and capital scarce economy. Which technique of production should be used to produce the commodity?

Q 34.

Large number of technical training institutions have been started by the government. State its economic value in the context of production possibility frontier.

Q 35.

With the same amount of resources a farmer can feed the following combination of goats and horses:
ncert-solutions-for-class-12-micro-economics-introduction-to-economics-12
Taking into consideration the options available with him, find out the opportunity cost of the farmer of feeding one horse.

Q 36.

What will likely be the impact of large scale outflow of foreign capital on Production Possibility Curve of the economy and why? 
ncert-solutions-for-class-12-micro-economics-introduction-to-economics-14

Q 37.

Giving reason comment on the shape of Production Possibilities curve based on the following schedule.
ncert-solutions-for-class-12-micro-economics-introduction-to-economics-17

Q 38.

Giving reason comment on the shape of Production Possibilities curve based on the following schedule. 
ncert-solutions-for-class-12-micro-economics-introduction-to-economics-21

Q 39.

What is the basic reason for economic problem in all economies?

Q 40.

What is meant by central problem of an economy?

Q 41.

Give one/two examples of microeconomics study.[CBSE 2004C, 09, 09C, 11C;AI 2004, 05, 07, 11]
Or
Name any three variables of micro-economics.

Q 42.

Growth of resources shifts PPC towards left.

Q 43.

Economy can never operate outside PPC with the given resources and technology.

Q 44.

Massive unemployment will shift PPC to the left. Defend or refute.

Q 45.

As water resources are limited in our country, how can we economise the water resources so that it could not cause a future problem for us? Give any two suggestions.

Q 46.

Scarcity of resources is a universal phenomenon and is not confined to poor and backward countries only. Comment.

Q 47.

The government has started promoting foreign capital. What is its economic value in the context of Production Possibilities Frontier?

Q 48.

What is a production possibility frontier?

Q 49.

Why do all economies have similar central problems?

Q 50.

Define Production Possibility Curve and state its properties.[CBSE, All India 2013 C]