History

The Age of Industrialisation

Question:

Explain the impact of the First World War on the Indian industries. [CBSE Sept. 2010]
Or
Describe the peculiarities of Indian industrial growth during the First World War. [ICBSE 2010(0)]
Or
How did the World War prove to be a boon to the Indian Industries ? Explain. [CBSE Sept. 2012]

Answer:

(i) Decline of Manchester : With British mills busy with war production to meet the needs of the army. Manchester imports into India declined.
(ii) Increase in demand : With the decline of imports suddenly. Indian mills had a vast home market to supply.
(iii) Demand from army : As the War prolonged. Indian factories were called upon to supply war need;i.e.. jute bags, doth for the army uniforms, tents and leather boots, horse and mule saddles, and a host of other items.
(iv) New factories : New factories were set up. and old ones ran multiple shifts. Many new workers were employed, and everyone was made to work for longer hours. Over the war years, industrial production boomed.
(v) Downfall of British industry and boon for home industry : After the war Manchester could never recapture its old position in the Indian market. Unable to modernise and compete with the US. Germany and Japan, the economy of Britain crumbled after the war. Cotton production collapsed and exports of cotton cloth from Britain fell dramatically. Within the colonies, local industrialists gradually consolidated their position, substituting foreign manufactures and capturing the home market.

previuos
next

The Age of Industrialisation

Q 1.

Why did the upper class people prefer to use hand products in the Victorian period ? Explain with examples.
Why in Victorian Britain, the upper classes preferred things produced by hand ? Give three reasons. (CBSE Sept. 2010)

Q 2.

What were guilds ?

Q 3.

What was the impact of colonisation of India on the Indian traders and merchants ?

Q 4.

Name the ports which grew during the colonial period.

Q 5.

During the first world war years industrial production in India boomed. Give reason.

Q 6.

Name the provinces where most of the large-scale industries were located during the colonial period.

Q 7.

Name any four major centres of cotton textile of India during the colonial period.

Q 8.

Who were Gomasthas ? [CASE 2014]

Q 9.

What were the benefits enjoyed by the villagers in the proto- industrial system.

Q 10.

When Manchester industrialists began selling cloth in India, they put labels with pictures on the cloth bundles. Why did they do so ? Explain.

Q 11.

Which pre-colonial port connected India to the Gulf countries and the Red Sea ports ? [CBSE Sept. 2010, 2011]

Q 12.

When Indian manufacturers advertised, the nationalist message was clear and loud."What was the message ?

Q 13.

Give reasons why the handloom weavers in India survived the onslaught of the machine made textiles of Manchester ?  [CBSE Sept. 2010]
Or
How did small scale industries survive in India despite of Industrialisation ?  [CBSE 2013]

Q 14.

Who was a jobber ?

Q 15.

Why could Britain not recapture her hold on the Indian market after the Rrst World War ? Explain. [CBSE 2009 (F)]
Or
Explain the impact of the First World War on Britain’s economy ? [CBSE Sept. 2010.2011]

Q 16.

What technological change helped in improving production of India industry during the 20th century ?

Q 17.

How do Cloth Merchants function?

Q 18.

“By the 1860s Indian weavers failed to get sufficient supply of raw cotton of good quality”. Give reason.

Q 19.

Name any two regions of colonial India which were famous for large-scale industries.

Q 20.

What is the importance of advertisement? How advertisement was used by the Britishers to expand the market for their products?

Q 21.

The proto-industrialisation helped in building a close relationship between the town and the countryside”. Explain.

Q 22.

Write a short note on the development of factories in India.
Or
Explain the growth of factories in India.

Q 23.

Who was a jobber ? Explain his functions. [CBSE 200S. Sept. 2010. 2011. 2012} Or
Why was a jobber employed ? How did jobber misuse his position and power ? Explain. (CBSE 2013]

Q 24.

Which industry was symbol of the new era ?

Q 25.

Explain what is meant by proto-Industrialisation.

Q 26.

What is meant by proto-industrialisation ? How did it affect the rural peasants and artisans ? [CBSE 2012]
Or
How did the poor peasants and artisans benefit during the proto-industrialisation phase? [CBSE 2011]

Q 27.

Write True or False against each statement:
(a) At the end of the 19th century, 80 per cent of the total workforce in Europe was employed in the technologically advanced industrial sector.
(b) The international market for textiles was dominated by India till the eighteenth century.
(c) The American Civil War resulted in the reduction of cotton exports from India.
(d) The introduction of the fly shuttle enabled the handloom workers to improve their productivity.

Q 28.

“Certain group of weavers were in a better position than others to survive the competition with mill industries-. Explain. [CBSE 2014]

Q 29.

Mention any four features of the proto ¬industrial system. [CBSE Svpt. 2010]
Or
Explain the main features of proto ¬industrialisation. [CBSE 2010 (0)]
Or
What was proto-industrialisation ? Why did the poor peasants and artisans in the countryside begin to work for the merchants from the towns ? [CBSE 2012]

Q 30.

Explain any five causes of industrial revolution in England. [CBSE 2013.2014]

Q 31.

Why did the network of export trade in textiles controlled by the Indian merchants break down by the 1750s ? Mention any two effects of such a breakdown ? [CBSE 2013]

Q 32.

How was proto-industrialisation different from factory production ?

Q 33.

Who created the cotton mill ? [CBSE 2014]

Q 34.

“Under the colonial era the Indian merchants were discriminated and space within which Indian merchants could function became increasingly limited’. Justify.

Q 35.

Industrialisation brought a big change in social structure. Do you agree? Justify.

Q 36.

Write a brief note on the cotton Industry.

Q 37.

Mention any five restrictions imposed by the British government upon the Indian merchants In the 19th century. [CBSE 2011]

Q 38.

Explain the major features of the industrialisation process of Europe in the 19th century. [CBSE Compt. 2008 (O)]

Q 39.

By the beginning of the 19th century, there was a long decline of textile exports from India.’ Explain by giving reasons. [CBSE 2008]
Or
Explain three reasons for the decline of Indian textile industry by the end of 19th century. [CBSE Sept. 2010]

Q 40.

Who invented the steam engine ? [CBSE Sept. 2010]

Q 41.

"In Victorian Britain, the upper classes – the aristocrats and the bourgeoisie – preferred things produced by hand". Give reason.

Q 42.

”Before establishing political power in Bengal and Carnatic in the 1760 and 1770s, the East India Company had found it difficult to ensure a regular supply of goods for export. Give reasons.

Q 43.

Why there were clashes between weavers and gomasthas ?

Q 44.

Assess the impact of the American Civil War on the plight of Weavers in India during second half at the 18th century.  [CBSE 2014]

Q 45.

Write a brief note on the cotton Industry

Q 46.

What were the problems faced by the textile manufacturers in India in the late 1800s ?

Q 47.

Why the production of cotton industry boomed in the late 19th century ?
Or
How had a series of inventions in the eighteenth century increased the efficiency of each step of the production process in cotton textile industry ? Explain. [CBSE 2008]

Q 48.

Mention the major features of Indian textiles before the age of machine industries.

Q 49.

By the first decade of the 20th century, a series of changes affected the pattern of industrialisation in India. Explain.  [CBSE 2008. Sept. 2013]

Q 50.

Why was it difficult for the new European merchants to set up business in town in the 17th and 18th centuries ?