Chemistry

Matter in Our Surroundings


11. Non-Metals Have Many Different Colours.


For example, sulphur is yellow, phosphorus is white or red, graphite is black, chlorine is yellowish-green, bromine is red-brown whereas hydrogen and oxygen are colourless.
Though non-metals are small in number as compared to metals, but they play a very important role in our daily life. In fact, life would not have been possible without the presence of non-metals on the earth. For example, carbon is one of the most important non-metals because all the life on this earth is based on carbon compounds. This is because the carbon compounds like proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins and enzymes, etc., are essential for the growth and development of living organisms. Another non-metal oxygen is equally important for the existence of life. This is because the presence of oxygen gas in air is essential for breathing to maintain life. It is also necessary for the combustion (or burning) of fuels which provide us energy for various purposes.
We have just studied the characteristic properties of metals and non-metals. We will now compare the properties of metals and non-metals in tabular form by giving the main points of difference between them.

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Notes


Matter in Our Surroundings - Notes
1. 9. Non-Metals Have Low Densities.
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2. 2. Metals are Ductile.
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3. 7. Metals are Solids at the Room Temperature
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4. 3. Non-Metals are Bad Conductors of Heat and Electricity.
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5. 11. Non-Metals Have Many Different Colours.
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6. The Case of Solutions
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7. Properties of Metals
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8. 3. Separation by a Magnet
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9. Concentration of a Solution
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10. 7. Non-Metals may be Solid, Liquid or Gases at the Room Temperature.
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11. Impure Substances: Mixtures
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12. 5. Non-Metals are Generally Soft
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13. Non-Metals
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14. Is Matter Around Us Pure
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15. Elements
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16. 6. Separation by Distillation
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17. 8. Non-Metals Have Comparatively Low Melting Points and Boiling Points
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18. 8. Metals Generally Have High Melting Points and Boiling Points.
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19. Types of Solutions
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20. 2. Separation by Centrifugation
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21. 1. Metals are Malleable.
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22. Physical And Chemical Changes
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23. Solutions
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24. To Study the Properties of a Suspension
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25. Pure Substances : Elements and Compounds
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26. Properties of a Suspension
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27. Effect of Temperature and Pressure on Solubility
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28. Metals
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29. 1. Non-Metals are Not Malleable. Non-Metals are Brittle.
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30. 2. Non-Metals are Not Ductile.
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31. 10. Non-Metals are Not Sonorous.
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32. Separation of the Gases of the Air
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33. 1. Separation by Fractional Distillation
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34. To Study the Properties of a Solution
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35. 4. Purification by Crystallisation
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36. Chemical Formula for daily use material
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37. 6. Metals are Usually Strong. They Have High Tensile Strength.
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38. 4. Non-Metals are Not Lustrous (Not Shiny). They are Dull in Appearance.
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39. Separation of Mixture Of Two Solids
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40. To Separate the Salt-Water Mixture (or Salt-Solution)
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41. Metals, Non-Metals and Metalloids
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42. 5. Metals are Generally Hard
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43. 11. Metals Usually Have a Silver or Grey Colour
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44. Compounds
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45. Solutions, Suspensions And Colloids
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46. properties of a Solution
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47. Chemical Changes
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48. 1. Separation by a Suitable Solvent
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49. Separation of Scrap Iron
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50. Separation Of Mixture Of a Solid And a Liquids
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