Economics

Introduction to Microeconomics

Question:

Why do all economies have similar central problems?

Answer:

All economies whether developed or developing, have similar central problem because one or more of their resources (land, labour, capital and entrepreneurship) are limited and these resources can be put to alternative uses. The wants of the economies are unlimited. Therefore all economies have to face the basic economic problem of choice (what to produce, how to produce and for whom to produce).

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Introduction to Microeconomics

Q 1.

What is meant by economy?

Q 2.

Give two examples of growth of resources.

Q 3.

A country's resources are fully and p efficiently employed. The problem of scarcity exists. What advice would be given to raise the efficiency level of the human resource to fight scarcity?

Q 4.

What is economics?

Q 5.

Name any three variables of macroeconomics.

Q 6.

A doctor has a private clinic in New Delhi and his annual earnings are Rs 10 lakh. If he works in a government hospital in New Delhi, his annual earning will be Rs 8 lakh. What is the opportunity cost of having a clinic in New Delhi?

Q 7.

Explain the meaning of opportunity cost with the help of production possibility schedule.[CBSE, All India 2013]

Q 8.

Massive unemployment will shift PPC to the left. Defend or refute.

Q 9.

How does Maruti Udyog Ltd. fix the prices of its cars, is it studied in macroeconomics?

Q 10.

Give two examples of underutilisation of resources.

Q 11.

Which type of science is economics?

Q 12.

Giving reason comment on the shape of Production Possibilities curve based on the following schedule.
ncert-solutions-for-class-12-micro-economics-introduction-to-economics-19

Q 13.

What is meant by economising of resources? [CBSE 2003]

Q 14.

"An economy always produces on but not inside PPC. Defend or refute.

Q 15.

State the central problems of an economy. [CBSE Sample Paper 2014]

Q 16.

Giving reason comment on the shape of Production Possibilities Curve based on the following schedule.
ncert-solutions-for-class-12-micro-economics-introduction-to-economics-24

Q 17.

Economy always operates on PPC.

Q 18.

With the same amount of resources a farmer can feed the following combination of goats and horses:
ncert-solutions-for-class-12-micro-economics-introduction-to-economics-12
Taking into consideration the options available with him, find out the opportunity cost of the farmer of feeding one horse.

Q 19.

Define Production Possibility Curve and state its properties.[CBSE, All India 2013 C]

Q 20.

India is a labour abundance and capital scarce economy. Which technique of production should be used to produce the commodity?

Q 21.

Production in an economy is below to its potentiality due to unemployment. Government starts employment generation schemes. Explain its effects by using production possibility curve.
ncert-solutions-for-class-12-micro-economics-introduction-to-economics-9

Q 22.

As water resources are limited in our country, how can we economise the water resources so that it could not cause a future problem for us? Give any two suggestions.

Q 23.

The government has started promoting foreign capital. What is its economic value in the context of Production Possibilities Frontier?

Q 24.

Giving reason comment on the shape of Production Possibilities curve based on the following schedule.
ncert-solutions-for-class-12-micro-economics-introduction-to-economics-17

Q 25.

What does a rightward shift of production possibility curve indicate?[CBSE 2007]

Q 26.

Why PPC is concave to the point of origin? [CBSE 2011, AI 2007]

Q 27.

State any three assumptions on which a production possibilities curve is based. [CBSE 2013 Q]

Q 28.

Because of destruction caused by war, a country's PPF will shift to the left.

Q 29.

A job guarantee scheme will lead to a rightward shift of PPF.

Q 30.

If a PPF shifts to the right, the new PPF will be parallel to the original.

Q 31.

PPC is concave shaped as production of one good can be increased only by reducing quantity of another good.

Q 32.

Large number of technical training institutions have been started by the government. State its economic value in the context of production possibility frontier.

Q 33.

Give reasons for the following statements:

  1. Every economy has to make the decision relating to what to produce.
  2. Problem of choice arises because available resources have alternative uses.

Q 34.

Economic problem arises due to plenty of resources.

Q 35.

If the economy operates inside PPC, it shows full utilisation of resources.

Q 36.

Economy can never operate outside PPC with the given resources and technology.

Q 37.

Scarcity of resources is a universal phenomenon and is not confined to poor and backward countries only. Comment.

Q 38.

Why is production possibility curve also called opportunity cost curve?

Q 39.

Giving reason comment on the shape of Production Possibilities curve based on the following schedule. 
ncert-solutions-for-class-12-micro-economics-introduction-to-economics-21

Q 40.

What do you mean by the production possibilities of an economy?

Q 41.

Give one/two examples of microeconomics study.[CBSE 2004C, 09, 09C, 11C;AI 2004, 05, 07, 11]
Or
Name any three variables of micro-economics.

Q 42.

Only Scarce Goods' attract price."Comment.

Q 43.

In an underdeveloped economy why there is the need of efficient utilization of resources?

Q 44.

Although water is useful, yet it is cheap. On the contrary, diamond is not much of use, still it is very expensive. Give an economic reason for this paradox.

Q 45.

Discuss the subject matter of economics.

Q 46.

Define Marginal Rate of Transformation (MRT). [CBSE 2012]

Q 47.

State any two central problems under ‘problem of allocation of resources’.[CBSE Sample Paper 2016]

Q 48.

Give reasons for the following statements:

  1. A Production Possibility Frontier is always a downward sloping concave curve.
  2. An efficient economy would always produce a combination of goods
    that lies on the given Production Possibility Frontier.
  3. Growth of an economy is represented in the form of a rightward shift of a Production Possibility Frontier.

Q 49.

Define Marginal Opportunity Cost. Explain the concept with a hypothetical numerical example.[CBSE Sample Paper 2016]

Q 50.

Growth of resources shifts PPC towards left.