Assertion (A): o-Nitrophenol is less soluble in water than the m- and p-isomers.
Reason (R): m-Nitrophenol and p-Nitrophenol exists as associated molecules.
(e) In o-nitrophenol there is intramolecular H-bonding.
Thus, o-nitrophenol does not form H-bond with H2O but m-nitrophenol and p-nitrophenol form H-bonds with H2O. Also, due to intermolecular H-bonding m-nitrophenol and p-nitrophenol exist as associated molecules.
Assertion (A): Phenols give o-nitrophenol and p-nitrophenol on nitration with cone. HNO3 and H2SO4 mixture.
Reason (R): -OH group in phenol is o-,p-directing.
Write structures of the compounds whose IUPAC names are as follows:
(i)2-Methylbutan-2-ol
(ii)l-Phcnylpropan-2-ol
(iii)3,5-DimethyIhexane-l,3,5-triol
(iv)2,3-Dicthylphenol
(v)1-Ethoxypropane
(vi)2-Ethoxy-3-methylpentane
(vii) Cyclohexylmethanol
(viii) 3-Cyclohexylpcntan-3-ol
(ix)Cyclopcnt-3-en-l-ol
(x)4-ChIoro-3-ethylbutan-l-ol
Why is the C – O – H bond angle‘in alcohols slightly less than the tetrahedral angle whereas the C – O – C bond angle in ether is slightly greater?
Assertion (A): Phenol forms 2,4, 6-tribromophenol on treatment with Br2 in carbon disulphide at 273 K.
Reason (R): Bromine polarizes in carbon disulphide.
Assertion (A): IUPAC name of the compound
Reason (R): In IUPAC nomenclature, ether is regarded as hydrocarbon derivative in which a hydrogen atom is replaced by -OR or -OAr group [where R = alkyl group and Ar = aryl group]
Assertion (A): Boiling points of alcohols and ethers are high.
Reason (R): They can form intermolecular hydrogen bonding.
Show how are the following alcohols prepared by the reaction of a suitable Grignard reagent on methanal ?
You are given benzene, cone. H2S04and NaOH. Write the equations for the preparation of phenol using these reagents.
Give equations of the following reactions:
(i)Oxidation of propan-l-ol with alkaline KMnO4 solution.
(ii)Bromine in CS2 with phenol.
(iii)Dilute HNO3 acid with phehoL
(iv)Treating phenol with chloroform in presence of aqueous NaOH.
Which of the following are used to convert RCHO into RCH2OH?
(a) H2/Pd
(b) LiAlH4
(c) NaBH4
(d) Reaction with RMgX followed by hydrolysis
Arrange the following compounds in increasing order of acidity and give a suitable explanation:
Phenol, o-Nitrophenol, o-Cresol
Explain why is OH group in phenols more strongly held as compared to OH group in alcohols.
Explain why alcohols and ethers of comparable molecular mass have different boiling points.
Predict the major product of acid catalysed dehydration of
(i) 1-nicthylcyclohcxanoland
(ii) butan-1-ol
(i) Draw the structures of all isomeric alcohols of molecular formula C5HI20 and give their IUPAC names.
(ii) Classify the isomers of alcohols in question (i)as primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols.
Write the equation of the reaction of hydrogen iodide with (i)1-propoxypropane (ii)methoxybenzene, and (iii)benzyl ethyl ether
When 3-methylbutant 2-ol is treated with HBr, the following reaction takes place:
Give a mechanism for this reaction.
(Hint: The secondary carbocation formed in step II rearranges to a more stable tertiary carbocation by a hydride ion shift from 3rd carbon atom.)
Mark the correct increasing order of reactivity of the following compounds with HBr/HCl.
When phenol is treated with bromine water, white precipitate is obtained. Give the structure and the name of the compound formed.
Give structures of the products you would expect when each of the following alcohol reacts with (a)HCl-ZnCl2 (b)HBrand (c) SOCl2
(i)Butan-1-ol
(ii)2-Methylbutan-2-ol
How is 1-propoxypropane synthesised from propan-l-ol? Write the mechanism of this reaction.
Preparation of ethers by acid dehydration of secondary or tertiary alcohols is not a suitable method.Give reason.
Explain the fact that in aryl alkyl ethers (i) the alkoxy group activates the benzene ring towards electrophilic substitution and (ii) it directs the incoming substituents to ortho and para positions in benzene ring.
Ethers can be prepared by Williamson's synthesis in which an alkyl halide is reacted with sodium alkoxide. Di-tert-butyl ether cannot be prepared by this method. Explain.
Arrange water, ethanol and, phenol in increasing order of acidity and give reason for your answer.
While separating a mixture of ortho and para nitrophenols by steam distillation, name the isomer which will be steam volatile. Give reason.
