Give two examples of different types of global exchanges which took place before the 17th century, choosing one example from Asia, and one from the America.
(i) Exchange of food : Food offers many examples of long distance cultural exchange. It is believed that ‘noodles’ travelled west from China to become ‘spaghetti’.
(ii) Exchange of germs : The Portuguese and Spanish conquests and colonisation of America was decisively underway by the mid-sixteenth century. The European conquest was not just a result of superior firepower. In fact, the most powerful weapon of the Spanish conquerors was not a conventional military weapon at all. It was the germs such as those of smallpox that they carried on their person. Because of their long isolation, America's original inhabitants had no immunity against these diseases that came from Europe. Smallpox in particular proved a deadly killer. Once introduced, it spread deep into the continent, ahead even of any European reaching there. It killed and decimated whole communities, paving the way for conquest.
Name the economist who thought that India gold exports during the Great Depression of 1929 promoted global economic recovery.
What is NIF.O ?
Or
Why did Group 77 countries demand a New International Economic Order ? Explain. [CBSE 2009 (D). Sept, 2010]
Or
Why did most of the developing countries organise themselves as a group the Group of 77 (G-77) ? [CBSE 2012)
Name any two world institutions which were established under the Bretton Woods. Also mention one objective of each. [CBSE 2014]
‘The First World War was modern industrial war’. Explain.
Or
Explain how the First World War was so horrible a war like none other before. [CBSE 2010 (0)]
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How far is it correct to say that "The First World Wax was the First modem industrial war”? Explain. [CBSE Sept. 2010]
Name any two countries which became major supplier of wheat during the First World War.
Explain the consequences of the Second World War.
Or
Describe in brief the destruction caused during the Second World War. [CBSE 2010 (O), Sept. 2012]
Highlight three main features of life of African people before the coming of Europeans. [CBSE 2013]
Give two examples of different types of global exchanges which took place before the seventeenth century, choosing one example from Asia and one from the Americas.
Explain the three types of movements or flows within international economic exchange. Find one example of each type of flow which involved India and Indians, and write a short account of it.
India played a crucial role in the late 19th century world economy”. Explain. [CBSE 2014]
Why China and other Asian countries became attractive destination for investment by foreign MNC's ?
Name any two Indian groups of bankers who financed export agriculture in Central and South-east Asia.
The agricultural regions and communities were the worst affected by the Great Depression of 1929'. Give one reason.
Explain how the global transfer of disease in the pre-modern world helped in the colonisation of the Americas.
Give three examples to show that the world changed with the discovery of new sea routes to America. [CBSE Sept. 2010, 2011, 2012]
Before the arrival of outsiders most of the Africans had a little reason to work for a wage’. Give reasons.
How was the income received from trade surplus with India used by Britain ? [CBSE 2008 (D)]
Explain what is referred to as the G-77 countries. In what ways can G-77 be seen as a reaction to the activities of the Bretton Woods twins?