"European conquests produced many painful economic, social and ecological changes through which the colonised societies were brought into the world economy."Explain. [CBSE 2015]
(i) In 1885 the big European powers met in Berlin to complete the carving up of Africa between them.
(ii) Rinderpest a cattle disease arrived in Africa in the late 1880s. It was carried by infected cattle imported from British Asia to feed the Italian soldiers invading Eritrea in East Africa. Entering Africa in the east, rinderpest moved west ‘like forest fire’, reaching Africa's Atlantic coast in 1892. It reached the Cape (Africa's southernmost tip) five years later. Along the way rinderpest killed 90 per cent of the cattle. The loss of cattle destroyed African livelihoods. Planters, mine owners and colonial governments now successfully monopolised what scarce cattle resources remained, to strengthen their power and to force Africans into the labour market. In the era of conquests even a disease affecting cattle reshaped the lives and fortunes of thousands of people and their relation with the rest of the world.
(iii) The example of indentured labour migration from India also illustrates the two-sided nature of the nineteenth-century world. It was a world of faster economic growth as well as great misery, higher incomes for some and poverty for others, technological advances in some areas and new forms of coercion in others.
How was the income received from trade surplus with India used by Britain ? [CBSE 2008 (D)]
Define the term ‘Trade Surplus’. How was the income received from trade surplus with India used by Britain? [CBSE 2010, 2012, 2011]
India played a crucial role in the late 19th century world economy”. Explain. [CBSE 2014]
Why thousands of people fled Europe for America in the 19th century ?
Or
Why did thousands of people flee away from Europe to America in the 19th century ? Give any three reasons. [CBSE Sept. 2010]
Why was there a need for clearing lands in Britain during the nineteenth century ? Explain any three reasons.
[CBSE Comp. (D) 2008]
Explain the three types of movements or flows within international economic exchange. Find one example of each type of flow which involved India and Indians, and write a short account of it.
Why were the Corn Laws scrapped ? Explain any three reasons.[CBSE Comp. (D) 2008, 2009 (F), Sept. 2011]
Explain how the global transfer of disease in the pre-modern world helped in the colonisation of the Americas.
Highlight three main features of life of African people before the coming of Europeans. [CBSE 2013]
What were the main reasons for the attraction of Europeans to Africa ? [CBSE Sept. 2010, 2014]
“The example of indentured labour migration from India and other parts of the world illustrates the two-sided nature of the 19th century"world.” Explain by giving examples.
Or
Why 19th century indentured has been described as a ‘new system of slavery’ ? Explain. [CBSE Sept. 2010, 2012, 2014]
G-77 can be seen as a reaction to the activities of Bretton Woods Twins. Explain the statement with five arguments. [CBSE 2013]
India played a crucial role in the late 19th century world economy.” Explain by giving an example.
Or
What was the importance of the Indian trade for the Britishers ?
Or
How did India play a crucial role in the nineteenth century world economy ? Explain with examples. [CBSE Comp. (O) 2008]
Mention any two factors which were responsible for price rise of food grains in Britain in the late 18th century.
Name the disease which had terrifying impact on people's livelihoods and local economy of Africa during 1890's.
Name any two countries which became major supplier of wheat during the First World War.
Why China and other Asian countries became attractive destination for investment by foreign MNC's ?
What was the importance of Silk Routes ?
Or
How did Silk Routes link the world ? Explain with three suitable examples. [CBSE 2008 (D)]
Or
Explain any three characteristics of Silk Routes. [CBSE Comp. (D) 2008, Sept. 2010, 2012]
Or
Enumerate the importance of Silk Routes. [CBSE Sept. 2010]
Explain the role of technology in shaping the world economy of the 19th century. [CBSE 2010 (D)]
Or
What was the impact of technology on food availability ? Explain with the help of examples. [CBSE Sept. 2010, 2011, 2014]
Or
What was the role of technology in transforming in the 19th century world ? Explain with an example. [CBSE Sept. 2010]