"European conquests produced many painful economic, social and ecological changes through which the colonised societies were brought into the world economy."Explain. [CBSE 2015]
(i) In 1885 the big European powers met in Berlin to complete the carving up of Africa between them.
(ii) Rinderpest a cattle disease arrived in Africa in the late 1880s. It was carried by infected cattle imported from British Asia to feed the Italian soldiers invading Eritrea in East Africa. Entering Africa in the east, rinderpest moved west ‘like forest fire’, reaching Africa's Atlantic coast in 1892. It reached the Cape (Africa's southernmost tip) five years later. Along the way rinderpest killed 90 per cent of the cattle. The loss of cattle destroyed African livelihoods. Planters, mine owners and colonial governments now successfully monopolised what scarce cattle resources remained, to strengthen their power and to force Africans into the labour market. In the era of conquests even a disease affecting cattle reshaped the lives and fortunes of thousands of people and their relation with the rest of the world.
(iii) The example of indentured labour migration from India also illustrates the two-sided nature of the nineteenth-century world. It was a world of faster economic growth as well as great misery, higher incomes for some and poverty for others, technological advances in some areas and new forms of coercion in others.
Define the term ‘Trade Surplus’. How was the income received from trade surplus with India used by Britain? [CBSE 2010, 2012, 2011]
Name the economist who thought that India gold exports during the Great Depression of 1929 promoted global economic recovery.
Name any two countries which became major supplier of wheat during the First World War.
Explain the impact of the First World War on Britain.
Or
How did the First World War change the economic life of the people in Britain ? Explain. [CBSE 2008 (D)]
Or
Describe in brief the world economic conditions of the post First World War period. [CBSE 2010 (D), Sept. 2012, 2013]
What were the main sources of attraction for Europeans to come to Africa in the late nineteenth century ? How did they exploit their resources ? [CBSE 2010 (F)]
Highlight three main features of life of African people before the coming of Europeans. [CBSE 2013]
What was the impact of the spread of rinderpest or the cattle plague on the African people ? Explain. [CBSE 2009 (O)]
Or
How did rinderpest change .the economy of the African society ? [CBSE Sept. 2010, 2011]
Or
Explain the social impact of introduction of rinderpest in Africa.
Or
Describe briefly the effects of rinderpest in Africa in the 1890's. [CBSE Sept. 2011, 2012, 2014]
Explain how the global transfer of disease in the pre-modern world helped in the colonisation of the Americas.
India played a crucial role in the late 19th century world economy”. Explain. [CBSE 2014]
‘The First World War was modern industrial war’. Explain.
Or
Explain how the First World War was so horrible a war like none other before. [CBSE 2010 (0)]
Or
How far is it correct to say that "The First World Wax was the First modem industrial war”? Explain. [CBSE Sept. 2010]
What was mass production? Explain its impact on the world economy of earlier 20th century.
Write any three factors responsible for indentured labour migration from India. [CBSE Sept. 2010. 2013]
How was the income received from trade surplus with India used by Britain ? [CBSE 2008 (D)]
"European conquests produced many painful economic, social and ecological changes through which the colonised societies were brought into the world economy."Explain. [CBSE 2015]
Give two examples of different types of global exchanges which took place before the 17th century, choosing one example from Asia, and one from the America.
Name the disease which had terrifying impact on people's livelihoods and local economy of Africa during 1890's.
What do you know about the Great Depression ? Explain the major factors responsible for the Great Depression. [CBSE 2008 (F), Sept. 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013]
Explain the impact of the Great Depression on the Indian economy. [CBSE Sept. 2010, 2014]
Or
Explain the impact of the Great Depression on Indian farmers in the early twentieth century. [CBSE 2009 (F), Sept. 2012]