The East India Company appointed gomasthas to supervise weavers in India.
a) women workers in Britain attacked the Spinning Jenny because it could spin many spindles in one wheel. This increased the productivity. The increase in productivity means decrease in employment. So the women who feared unemployment attacked and destroyed the spinning Jenny.
b) In the urban areas the trade and commerce guild controlled the market, raw material, employees and the production of goods. The merchants found this cumbersome. So, they began employing peasants and artisans within the villages.
c) As the Bombay port was developed by the European colonies, during the later half of the 18th century, activity in the Surut port began to decline. Consequently sea trade from Surat declined.
d) The East India Company in India wanted to have trade monopoly over cotton production. The company did not want the Indian weavers to supply their cotton products to other European companies. So, it appointed gomasthas, who were loyal to the company, to supervise the weavers and ensure that they did not supply to others. They gave the weavers advance loans to tie them down to the company.
Name the European Managing agencies which controlled the large sector of Indian industries.
Why did some Industrialists in nineteenth-century Europe prefer hand labour over machines?
The proto-industrialisation helped in building a close relationship between the town and the countryside”. Explain.
Why did the peasants agree to accept advances made by the merchants to produce goods for them in Europe during the 17th and the 18th centuries* ? Explain three reasons. [CBSE Comp. (D) 2008]
Or
How were new merchant groups in Europe able to spread their business in the countryside before the Industrial Revolution ? Explain.
Or
Briefly explain the method and system of production in the countryside in England.
[CBSE 2013]
How did the East India Company procure regular supplies of cotton and silk textiles from the Indian weavers ?
When Manchester industrialists began selling cloth in India, they put labels with pictures on the cloth bundles. Why did they do so ? Explain.
Which pre-colonial port connected India to the Gulf countries and the Red Sea ports ? [CBSE Sept. 2010, 2011]
Why women workers attacked the spinning Jenny a machine which was introduced in Britain ?
When Indian manufacturers advertised, the nationalist message was clear and loud."What was the message ?
Why did the network of export trade in textiles controlled by the Indian merchants break down by the 1750s ? Mention any two effects of such a breakdown ? [CBSE 2013]
What technological change helped in improving production of India industry during the 20th century ?
Explain the following :
(a) Woman workers in Britain attacked the Spinning Jenny. [CBSE Sept. 2011]
(b) In the seventeenth century, merchants from towns In Europe began employing peasants and artisans within the villages.
(c) The port of Surat declined by the end of the eighteenth century.
(d) The East India Company appointed Gomasthas to supervise the weavers in India. [CBSE Sept. 2011]
Why did the industrial production in India increase during the First World War ? [CBSE Sept. 2011]
By the first decade of the 20th century, a series of changes affected the pattern of industrialisation in India. Explain. [CBSE 2008. Sept. 2013]
“Under the colonial era the Indian merchants were discriminated and space within which Indian merchants could function became increasingly limited’. Justify.
How did the East India Company procure regular supplies of cotton and silk textiles from Indian weavers?
“Certain group of weavers were in a better position than others to survive the competition with mill industries-. Explain. [CBSE 2014]
What was importance of advertisements in expanding the market during the colonial period ?
Write True or False against each statement:
(a) At the end of the 19th century, 80 per cent of the total workforce in Europe was employed in the technologically advanced industrial sector.
(b) The international market for textiles was dominated by India till the eighteenth century.
(c) The American Civil War resulted in the reduction of cotton exports from India.
(d) The introduction of the fly shuttle enabled the handloom workers to improve their productivity.
Write a short note on the development of factories in India.
Or
Explain the growth of factories in India.
Explain the major features of the industrialisation process of Europe in the 19th century. [CBSE Compt. 2008 (O)]
Why was it difficult for the new European merchants to set up business in town in the 17th and 18th centuries ?