The East India Company appointed gomasthas to supervise weavers in India.
a) women workers in Britain attacked the Spinning Jenny because it could spin many spindles in one wheel. This increased the productivity. The increase in productivity means decrease in employment. So the women who feared unemployment attacked and destroyed the spinning Jenny.
b) In the urban areas the trade and commerce guild controlled the market, raw material, employees and the production of goods. The merchants found this cumbersome. So, they began employing peasants and artisans within the villages.
c) As the Bombay port was developed by the European colonies, during the later half of the 18th century, activity in the Surut port began to decline. Consequently sea trade from Surat declined.
d) The East India Company in India wanted to have trade monopoly over cotton production. The company did not want the Indian weavers to supply their cotton products to other European companies. So, it appointed gomasthas, who were loyal to the company, to supervise the weavers and ensure that they did not supply to others. They gave the weavers advance loans to tie them down to the company.
Why did the upper class people prefer to use hand products in the Victorian period ? Explain with examples.
Why in Victorian Britain, the upper classes preferred things produced by hand ? Give three reasons. (CBSE Sept. 2010)
Give reasons why the handloom weavers in India survived the onslaught of the machine made textiles of Manchester ? [CBSE Sept. 2010]
Or
How did small scale industries survive in India despite of Industrialisation ? [CBSE 2013]
Which pre-colonial port connected India to the Gulf countries and the Red Sea ports ? [CBSE Sept. 2010, 2011]
“By the 1860s Indian weavers failed to get sufficient supply of raw cotton of good quality”. Give reason.
Name the provinces where most of the large-scale industries were located during the colonial period.
What is meant by proto-industrialisation ? How did it affect the rural peasants and artisans ? [CBSE 2012]
Or
How did the poor peasants and artisans benefit during the proto-industrialisation phase? [CBSE 2011]
Write a short note on the development of factories in India.
Or
Explain the growth of factories in India.
“Under the colonial era the Indian merchants were discriminated and space within which Indian merchants could function became increasingly limited’. Justify.
What technological change helped in improving production of India industry during the 20th century ?
When Indian manufacturers advertised, the nationalist message was clear and loud."What was the message ?
Write True or False against each statement:
(a) At the end of the 19th century, 80 per cent of the total workforce in Europe was employed in the technologically advanced industrial sector.
(b) The international market for textiles was dominated by India till the eighteenth century.
(c) The American Civil War resulted in the reduction of cotton exports from India.
(d) The introduction of the fly shuttle enabled the handloom workers to improve their productivity.
When Manchester industrialists began selling cloth in India, they put labels with pictures on the cloth bundles. Why did they do so ? Explain.
What is the importance of advertisement? How advertisement was used by the Britishers to expand the market for their products?
In the 20th century, the handloom cloth production expanded steadily, i.e.. almost trebling between 1900 and 1940.’ Give reasons.
Or
What led to expansion In handloom craft production between 1900 and 1940 ? [CBSE Sept. 2010]
Why was East India Company keen on expanding textile exports from India during the 1760 ? Explain any three reasons. [CBSE 2013]
Explain the major features of the industrialisation process of Europe in the 19th century. [CBSE Compt. 2008 (O)]
How were machines and technology . glorified in England in the early 20th century through pictures on the cover pages of some books ? [CBSE 2013]
”Before establishing political power in Bengal and Carnatic in the 1760 and 1770s, the East India Company had found it difficult to ensure a regular supply of goods for export. Give reasons.
Name the European Managing agencies which controlled the large sector of Indian industries.
“Certain group of weavers were in a better position than others to survive the competition with mill industries-. Explain. [CBSE 2014]
Why did the peasants agree to accept advances made by the merchants to produce goods for them in Europe during the 17th and the 18th centuries* ? Explain three reasons. [CBSE Comp. (D) 2008]
Or
How were new merchant groups in Europe able to spread their business in the countryside before the Industrial Revolution ? Explain.
Or
Briefly explain the method and system of production in the countryside in England.
[CBSE 2013]
"In Victorian Britain, the upper classes – the aristocrats and the bourgeoisie – preferred things produced by hand". Give reason.
Mention any three social causes of the clashes between Gomasthas and Villagers. [CBSE 2014]