What were the problems faced by the textile manufacturers in India in the late 1800s ?
Exports declined and import of textiles increased. The Indian textile manufactures could neither sell their goods outside India nor could they sell their goods inside India.
Import of English textiles into India increased from 31 % to 50 %. As imported machine –made textiles was cheaper, the Indian weavers could not compete with it.
Raw cotton from India was exported to feed the Cotton mills of England and the Indian textile industry was without enough raw materials. Soon mechanised textile mill were also set up in India and the hand -weavers were virtually without any work.
Why did the upper class people prefer to use hand products in the Victorian period ? Explain with examples.
Why in Victorian Britain, the upper classes preferred things produced by hand ? Give three reasons. (CBSE Sept. 2010)
Which pre-colonial port connected India to the Gulf countries and the Red Sea ports ? [CBSE Sept. 2010, 2011]
Give reasons why the handloom weavers in India survived the onslaught of the machine made textiles of Manchester ? [CBSE Sept. 2010]
Or
How did small scale industries survive in India despite of Industrialisation ? [CBSE 2013]
Write True or False against each statement:
(a) At the end of the 19th century, 80 per cent of the total workforce in Europe was employed in the technologically advanced industrial sector.
(b) The international market for textiles was dominated by India till the eighteenth century.
(c) The American Civil War resulted in the reduction of cotton exports from India.
(d) The introduction of the fly shuttle enabled the handloom workers to improve their productivity.
“By the 1860s Indian weavers failed to get sufficient supply of raw cotton of good quality”. Give reason.
What technological change helped in improving production of India industry during the 20th century ?
What is meant by proto-industrialisation ? How did it affect the rural peasants and artisans ? [CBSE 2012]
Or
How did the poor peasants and artisans benefit during the proto-industrialisation phase? [CBSE 2011]
Explain the major features of the industrialisation process of Europe in the 19th century. [CBSE Compt. 2008 (O)]
Name the provinces where most of the large-scale industries were located during the colonial period.
Write a short note on the development of factories in India.
Or
Explain the growth of factories in India.
“Under the colonial era the Indian merchants were discriminated and space within which Indian merchants could function became increasingly limited’. Justify.
When Manchester industrialists began selling cloth in India, they put labels with pictures on the cloth bundles. Why did they do so ? Explain.
Why did the network of export trade in textiles controlled by the Indian merchants break down by the 1750s ? Mention any two effects of such a breakdown ? [CBSE 2013]
When Indian manufacturers advertised, the nationalist message was clear and loud."What was the message ?
What steps were taken by the East India Company to contiol the market of cotton and silk goods ? [CBSE 2009 (D)]
Or
The establishment of political power by the East India Company resulted in ruination of the Indian weavers. Support the statement with suitable examples. [CBSE 2012]
"In Victorian Britain, the upper classes – the aristocrats and the bourgeoisie – preferred things produced by hand". Give reason.
Why was East India Company keen on expanding textile exports from India during the 1760 ? Explain any three reasons. [CBSE 2013]
What was importance of advertisements in expanding the market during the colonial period ?
What is the importance of advertisement? How advertisement was used by the Britishers to expand the market for their products?
Assess the impact of the American Civil War on the plight of Weavers in India during second half at the 18th century. [CBSE 2014]