What were the problems of Indian weavers at the early 19th century ? [CBSE 2009 (O). Sept. 2010. 2011)
Or
Explain the miserable conditions of Indian weavers during the East India Company’? regime in the eighteenth century. [CBSE 200S IF). Sept. 2010) Or
Describe any four impacts of Manchester imports on the cotton weavers of India. [CBSE Sept. 2011)
(i) Collapse of local and foreign market :
Due to industrialisation in Britain, their export market collapsed.
As British traders started exporting machine- made clothes to India, so their local market shrank.
(ii) Shortage of raw material : As raw cotton was being exported to England, there was a shortage of raw materials.
When the American Civil War broke out. and the cotton supplies from the United States were cut off. Britain turned to India. As raw cotton exports Iron India increased, the price of raw cotton shot up Weavers in India were starved of supplies and forced to buy raw cotton at higher prices.
(iii) Clashes with Gomasthas : Gomasthas were appointed by the government to supervise weavers to collect supplies and examine the quality of cloth. The Gomasthas acted arrogantly and punished weavers for delays in supply. So. the weavers dashed with them.
(iv) System of advances: The Britishers started the system of advances to regularise the supply of cotton and cloth. The weavers eagerly took the advances, in a hope to cam more but they faded to do so They even started losing small plots of land which they had earlier cultivated.
Which pre-colonial port connected India to the Gulf countries and the Red Sea ports ? [CBSE Sept. 2010, 2011]
Give reasons why the handloom weavers in India survived the onslaught of the machine made textiles of Manchester ? [CBSE Sept. 2010]
Or
How did small scale industries survive in India despite of Industrialisation ? [CBSE 2013]
“By the 1860s Indian weavers failed to get sufficient supply of raw cotton of good quality”. Give reason.
Name the provinces where most of the large-scale industries were located during the colonial period.
What technological change helped in improving production of India industry during the 20th century ?
Explain the major features of the industrialisation process of Europe in the 19th century. [CBSE Compt. 2008 (O)]
Why did the upper class people prefer to use hand products in the Victorian period ? Explain with examples.
Why in Victorian Britain, the upper classes preferred things produced by hand ? Give three reasons. (CBSE Sept. 2010)
What is meant by proto-industrialisation ? How did it affect the rural peasants and artisans ? [CBSE 2012]
Or
How did the poor peasants and artisans benefit during the proto-industrialisation phase? [CBSE 2011]
Write a short note on the development of factories in India.
Or
Explain the growth of factories in India.
When Indian manufacturers advertised, the nationalist message was clear and loud."What was the message ?
“Under the colonial era the Indian merchants were discriminated and space within which Indian merchants could function became increasingly limited’. Justify.
"In Victorian Britain, the upper classes – the aristocrats and the bourgeoisie – preferred things produced by hand". Give reason.
Name the European Managing agencies which controlled the large sector of Indian industries.
Why did the industrial production in India increase during the First World War ? [CBSE Sept. 2011]
What steps were taken by the East India Company to contiol the market of cotton and silk goods ? [CBSE 2009 (D)]
Or
The establishment of political power by the East India Company resulted in ruination of the Indian weavers. Support the statement with suitable examples. [CBSE 2012]
”Before establishing political power in Bengal and Carnatic in the 1760 and 1770s, the East India Company had found it difficult to ensure a regular supply of goods for export. Give reasons.
How were machines and technology . glorified in England in the early 20th century through pictures on the cover pages of some books ? [CBSE 2013]
When Manchester industrialists began selling cloth in India, they put labels with pictures on the cloth bundles. Why did they do so ? Explain.
The proto-industrialisation helped in building a close relationship between the town and the countryside”. Explain.
Name the provinces where most of the large-scale industries were located. How can you say that small-scale production continued to predominate even in the late 20th century ?