"By the end of the 19th century a new visual culture was taking shape."Write any three features of this new visual culture. [CBSE Comp. (O) 2008, Sept. 2010, 2011]
(i) Printing Press and visual culture : The Printing press had a deep impact on the visual images also. Now, visual images could be easily reproduced in multiple copies.
(ii) Images for mass circulation : Painters like Raja Ravi Verrna produced images for mass circulation. Wood engravers, who , made woodblocks were employed by the print shops. Cheap prints and calendars could be bought even by the poor.
(iii) Caricatures and cartoons : By the 1870s, caricatures and cartoons were being published in journals and newspapers. Some of these made fun of the educated Indian's fascination to copy Western tastes and clothes. Some openly criticised the imperial rule.
(iv) Reduction of cost and visual culture :
Mass production of visual images reduced the cost of production. So cheap prints and calendars were available in the market even for the poor to decorate the walls of their homes.
(v) Indian form : The new visual culture acquired distinctively Indian forms and style. Artists like Raja Ravi Verma depicted the scenes from Hindu epics.
Name the printing presses which published numerous religious texts in vernaculars from the 1880s.
Explain the main features of the first printed Bible. [CBSE Sept. 2010]
Or
Describe any three main features of the first printed Bible. [CBSE 2014]
Write about the different innovations in the printing technology during the 19th century ? [CBSE Sept. 2010]
Study the given paragraph and answer the following questions that follow :
Liberty of speech…. liberty of the press freedom of association. The government of India is now seeking to crush the three powerful vehicles of expressing and cultivating public opinion. The fight for Swaraj, for Khilafat …. means a fight for this threatened freedom before all else ….'
(i) Who said these words ?
(ii) Name the freedoms he is talking about.
Who was the major producer of printed material in China ? For what purpose this material was used ?
Name an Act which was passed by the British government to keep a regular track of the vernacular newspapers.
The shift from handprinting to mechanical printing led to the print revolution.’ Explain.
How did printing press create a new- reading public ? Explain. [CBSF. Sept. 2013]
Or
"There was a virtual reading mania in European countries in the 18th century". Explain the factors responsible for this virtual reading mania.
State any three points of importance of penny chapbooks. [CBSE Sept. 2010.2011]
Or
Describe some of the new printed books which were sold by the pedlars in villages in the eighteenth century Europe. [CBSE-2012, 2014]
Trace the history of print in China.
Or
How did China remain a major producer of printed materials for a long time ?
Or
The imperial state in China, was the major producer of printed material.' Support this statement. [CBSE 2014]
What were the features of the new books which were produced in Europe after the invention of the Gutenberg's press ? [CBSE Sept. 2010]
Not everyone welcomed the printed books, and those who did also had fears about it.' Explain by giving examples.
In north India, the ulama were deeply anxious about the collapse of Muslim dynasties. They feared that colonial rulers would encourage conversion, change the Muslim personal laws. Mention any two steps taken by them to counter this.
’Liberty of speech … liberty of the press … freedom of association. The government of India is now seeking to crush the three powerful vehicles of expressing and cultivating public opinion, the fight for swaraj, for Khilafat … means a fight for this threatened freedom before all else….’
Who said these words ?
Explain how the print culture assisted the growth of nationalism in India. [CBSE Sept. 2010, 2011]
Why were the printed books popular even among illiterate people ? [CBSE Sept. 2010, 2012]