Why are plants called producers ?
Plants are called producers because green plants prepare their own food from simple inorganic substances like carbon dioxide and water by using sunlight energy in the presence of chlorophyll.
(a) Define decomposers. Name one decomposer.
(b) What is the role of decomposers in the ecosystem ?
Explain how, harmful ultraviolet radiations of sunlight are prevented from reaching the earth’s surface.
(a) What is meant by non-biodegradable waste materials ? Give two examples of non-biodegradable wastes.
(b) Which of the following materials are biodegradable ?Animal bones, Iron nails, Plastic mugs, Leather belts, Silver foil
Give an example to illustrate that indiscriminate use of pesticides may result-in the degradation of the environment. [All India]
Which of the following are biodegradable and which non-biodegradable ?
Glass bottle, Paper, Ball point pen refill, Hay, DDT, Wheat, Cake, Wood,
Polythene bag, Jute bag, Cotton cloth, Grass, Vegetable peels
Fill in the following blanks with suitable words :Fill in the following blanks with suitable words :
(a) Ultraviolet rays can cause skin…………………
(b) Pesticides enter the food chain at the…………………. level
(c) Grass →…………….→Human
(d) Lettuce →…………….→ Fox
(e) Plants→ Antelope→ …………….
Why did United Nations act to control the production of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) used in refrigerators? [Delhi]
What happens when higher energy ultraviolet radiations act on the oxygen at the higher level of the atmosphere? [All India]
In a food chain, 10,000 joules of energy is available to the producer. How much energy will be available to the secondary consumer to transfer it to the tertiary consumer? [All India ]
What name has been given to those organisms which break down the complex organic compounds present in dead animals and plants ?
Which organisms belong to third and fourth trophic levels in the food chain comprising the following ?
Rats, Plants, Hawk, Snakes
Can the organisms of any trophic level be removed without causing any damage to the ecosystem ? Will the impact of removing all the organisms in a trophic level be different for different trophic levels ?
Consider the food chain :
Grass → Deer → Lion
What will happen if all the lions are removed from the above food chain ?
How does a biodegradable waste differ from a non-biodegradable waste ? Give two examples of non- biodegradable wastes which pollute our environment.
(a) What is meant by ‘environment’ ?
(b) What type of substances are the major pollutants of the environment ? Name two such substances.
(c) Name the organisms whose uncontrolled activities are damaging the environment.
(d) Explain why, it is better to use paper bags than plastic bags.
Name the process in which a harmful chemical enters the food chain and gets concentrated at each trophic level.
In a food chain consisting of grass, frog, bird and insects, where will the concentration of the harmful chemicals be maximum ?
If a harmful chemical enters a food chain comprising cat, mice and plants, which one of these organisms is likely to have the maximum concentration of the harmful chemical in its body ?
‘If we excessively use pesticides to protect the crops from diseases, then it may cause long-term damage to mankind’. Justify this statement.
Give a method for the disposal of household wastes such as left-over food, fruit and vegetable peels, and leaves of potted plants.
(a) With the help of a flow diagram, describe how energy from the sun flows through various trophic levels.
(b) Explain why, the flow of energy in the ecosystem is said to be unidirectional.
Name the wastes which are generated in your house daily. What measures would you take for their disposal?
Why is ozone layer getting depleted at the higher levels of the atmosphere? [Delhi (C)]
Why are bacteria and fungi called decomposers? List any two advantages of decomposers to the environment. [Delhi]