How are most of the solid wastes in urban areas disposed of ?
Most of the solid waste in urban areas is dumped in low line areas of ground and covered with earth to level the uneven ground. This method is called landfill.
(a) Define decomposers. Name one decomposer.
(b) What is the role of decomposers in the ecosystem ?
(a) What is meant by non-biodegradable waste materials ? Give two examples of non-biodegradable wastes.
(b) Which of the following materials are biodegradable ?Animal bones, Iron nails, Plastic mugs, Leather belts, Silver foil
‘If we excessively use pesticides to protect the crops from diseases, then it may cause long-term damage to mankind’. Justify this statement.
Give a method for the disposal of household wastes such as left-over food, fruit and vegetable peels, and leaves of potted plants.
Why is ozone layer getting depleted at the higher levels of the atmosphere? [Delhi (C)]
Name the process in which a harmful chemical enters the food chain and gets concentrated at each trophic level.
If a harmful chemical enters a food chain comprising cat, mice and plants, which one of these organisms is likely to have the maximum concentration of the harmful chemical in its body ?
Why did United Nations act to control the production of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) used in refrigerators? [Delhi]
Select two non-biodegradable substances from the following waste generated in a kitchen: spoilt food, paper bags, milk bags, vegetable peels, tin cans, used tea leaves. [Delhi]
Explain how, harmful ultraviolet radiations of sunlight are prevented from reaching the earth’s surface.
Give an example to illustrate that indiscriminate use of pesticides may result-in the degradation of the environment. [All India]
State whether the following statements are true or false :State whether the following statements are true or false :
(a) In biology, human beings are called producers.
(b) Secondary consumers and tertiary consumers, both are carnivores.
Which of the following belong to the same trophic level ?
Tree ; Frog ; Snake ; Grass ; Lizard
Explain the phenomenon of “biological magnification” How does it affect organisms belonging to different trophic levels particularly the tertiary consumers? [Delhi]
Which one term in the following includes the others ?
air, flora, fauna, environment, water, sunlight, soil
(a) Describe an activity to show that while paper is biodegradable but plastic (say, polythene) is non-
biodegradable.
(b) Explain why, some materials are biodegradable but some are non-biodegradable.
What percentage of energy available at the producer level is transferred at successive trophic levels in a food chain ?
Which disease is caused in human beings due to depletion of ozone layer in the atmosphere? [Foreign]
Fill in the following blanks with suitable words : Fill in the following blanks with suitable words :
(a) Decomposer organisms are……………. in their action.
(b) In nature, all green plants are……………. whereas animals are consumers.
(c) A series of organisms, each of which feeds on the next organism, the beginning of which is a green plant, is called a…………….
(d) The science that deals with the inter-relationships of living things with one another and their environment is called …………….
(e) Plastic is a……………. material whereas paper is a……………. material.
What is the difference between the food habits of organisms belonging to the first and the third trophic levels ? Give one example each of the organisms belonging to these two trophic levels.
(a) With the help of a flow diagram, describe how energy from the sun flows through various trophic levels.
(b) Explain why, the flow of energy in the ecosystem is said to be unidirectional.