Question:
What is immunisation?
Answer:
Administering vaccines to prevent the disease is called immunisation. Immunisation is a technique to prevent infectious disease. In this technique, vaccines are given into the people so that they develop temporary or permanent immunity (Artificial Active Acquired Immunity) to fight against a particular disease.
Why Do We Fall Ill?
Q 1.
Name the target organs for the following diseases :
(a) Hepatitis targets…………
(b) Fits or unconsciousness targets…………
(c) Pneumonia targets…………
(d) Fungal disease targets…………
Q 2.
What is an antibiotic ? Give its one example.
Q 3.
What are infectious agents? What are the different infectious agents?
Q 4.
Give two examples for each of the following :
(a) Acute diseases
(b) Chronic diseases
(c) Infectious diseases
(d) Non-infectious diseases.
Q 5.
The signs and symptoms of a disease will depend on the tissue or organ which the microbe targets Justify the statement with two examples. [SAll – 2014]
Q 6.
Are the answers to the above questions (Q2 and Q5) and necessarily the same or different? Why?
Q 7.
Name the diseases that can spread through housefly.
Q 8.
Name any two diseases which are caused due to unprotected sexual intercourse.
Q 9.
Classify the following diseases as infectious or non-infectious :
(a) AIDS (b) Tuberculosis
(c) Cholera (d) High blood pressure
(e) Heart disease (f) Pneumonia
(g) Cancer
Q 10.
What are the immunisation programmes available at the nearest health centre in your locality? Which of these diseases are the major health problems in your area ?
Q 11.
What precautions will you take to justify “prevention is better than cure” ?
Q 12.
Common cold spreads faster and is difficult to control. Give reason. [SAII -2014]
Q 13.
Why taking an antibiotic is not effective in the common cold?
Q 14.
Give an example of fungal antibiotic.
Q 15.
Why do people staying in air-conditioned homes/offices catch cold more often?
Q 16.
Write three differences between Personal Health and Community Health.
Q 17.
Write differences between 'Being Healthy' and 'Disease Free'.
Q 18.
State any two conditions essential for good health. [SAII-2014]
Q 19.
State any two conditions essential for being free of disease.
Q 20.
State any two conditions essential for good health.
Q 21.
What are antibodies?
Q 22.
(a) What are epidemic and endemic diseases? (b) Which organ is affected if a person is suffering from jaundice?
Q 23.
Why are we advised to take blend and nourishing food when we are sick ?
Q 24.
Majority of children in many parts of India are already immune to Hepatitis A by the time they are five years old. Why ?
Q 25.
(i) What is an epidemic disease ?
(ii) Which organ is affected if a person is suffering from jaundice ?
Q 26.
Under which of the following conditions are you most likely to fall sick ?
(a) when you are taking examinations.
(b) when you have travelled by bus and train for two days.
(c) when your friend is suffering from measles. Why ?
Q 27.
State two principles of treatment of a disease.
Q 28.
Under which of the following conditions is a person most likely to fall sick ?
(a) When she is recovering from malaria.
(b) When she has recovered from malaria and is taking care of someone suffering from
chickenpox.
(c) When she is on a four-day fast after recovering from malaria and is taking care of someone suffering from chickenpox. Why ?
Q 29.
What do you mean by active and passive immunisation ? [SAll – 2015]
Q 30.
Give the modes of transmission of each of the following diseases :
(i) Syphilis (ii) Tuberculosis (iii) Jaundice (iv) Japanese encephalitis [SAII -2012]
Q 31.
Why is immune system essential for our health ?
Q 32.
Why making anti-viral medicines is harder than making anti-bacterial medicines ?
Q 33.
What are the different means by which infectious diseases are spread ?
Q 34.
Define Health? What do you interpret when we say a person is in good health?
Q 35.
Kidneys of a person do not filter urine properly. How does it affect physical, mental and social dimensions of that person?
Q 36.
(i) How do you define 'disease'? (ii) State and explain in brief the four major factors, which are the causes of disease.
Q 37.
Give examples of Acute diseases.
Q 38.
Name a disease which was earlier considered to be chronic but now can be treated in short duration?
Q 39.
What is '
germ theory of disease'? Who proposed it?
Q 40.
Give examples of fungal diseases.
Q 41.
Define antibiotic? Explain how it is able to control bacterial infections but not viral infections.
Q 42.
What is colostrum? Why is mother's milk strongly advised to newborns?
Q 43.
Why is it not necessary to give Hepatitis A vaccine to children?
Q 44.
Why it is advisable to breast feed the baby for first few several weeks?
Q 45.
Why are kids and elderly people more vulnerable to cold/flu?
Q 46.
Name any two groups of microorganisms from which antibiotics could be extracted.
Q 47.
List any four essential factors that must be taken icare of by an individual for keeping good health.
Q 48.
Which amongst the two diseases : acute or chronic has adverse effect on the health of a person? Explain giving a suitable example.
Q 49.
(i) Why a person suffering from AIDS cannot fight even small infections ?
(ii) In a slum area, many people are suffering from malaria. Mention any two unhygienic conditions that must be prevailing in that locality.
(iii) Why female Anopheles mosquito feeds on human blood ? [SAII – 2014]
Q 50.
(i) What are the various ways to prevent the diseases ?
(ii) What is immunisation ?
