(a) What are heterotrophs ? Give one example of heterotrophs.
(b) What is the difference between autotrophic nutrition and heterotrophic nutrition ?
(a) Those organisms which cannot make their own food from inorganic substances like carbon dioxide and water, and depend on other organisms for their food are called heterotrophs. Example: All Animals.
Autotrophic Nutrition
It is that mode of nutrition in which an organism makes its own food from the simple inorganic materials like carbon dioxide and water present in the surroundings (with the help of sunlight energy) Example: Green Plants
Heterotrophic Nutrition
It is that mode of nutrition in which an organism cannot make its own food from simple inorganic materials like carbon dioxide and water, and depends on other organisms for its food.Example: Animals.
What are the different ways in which glucose is oxidised to provide energy in various organisms ? Give one example of each.
(a) What criteria can be used to decide whether something is alive ?
(b) What is meant by life processes ? Name the basic life processes common to all living organisms which are essential for maintaining life.
In the experiment "Light is essential for photosynthesis", why does the uncovered part of the leaf turn blue-black after putting iodine solution?
(a) What is common for Cuscuta, ticks and leeches ?
(b) Name the substances on which the following enzymes act in the human digestive system :
(i) Trypsin (ii) Amylase (iii) Pepsin (iv) Lipase
(c) Why does absorption of digested food occur mainly in the small intestine ?
What are the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration ? Name some organisms that use anaerobic mode of respiration.
State the three common features of all the respiratory organs like skin, gills and lungs.
Draw a neat diagram of excretory system of human beings and label on it:
(i) Left kidney (ii) Urinary bladder
(a) Draw a diagram of human respiratory system and label the following:
(i) part where air is filtered by fine hair and mucus
(ii) part which terminates in balloon – like structures
(iii) balloon – like structures where exchange of gases takes place. (iv) part which separates chest cavity from abdominal cavity.
(b) Why is the rate of breathing in aquatic organisms much faster than in terrestrial organisms?
Arrange the following processes involved in the nutrition in animals in the correct order (in which they take place):
Assimilation, Egestion, Ingestion, Absorption, Digestion
Which of the organs perform the following functions in humans ?
(i) Absorption of food
(ii) Absorption of water
(a) Define a nutrient. Name four important nutrients present in our food.
(b) What are the various types of heterotrophic nutrition ?
Define (i) saprophytic nutrition (ii) parasitic nutrition, and (iii) holozoic nutrition. Give one example of each type.
(a) Why is small intestine in herbivores longer than in carnivores ?
(b) What will happen if mucus is not secreted by the gastric glands ?
(c) What causes movement of food inside the alimentary canal ?
Name the final product/products obtained in the anaerobic respiration, if it takes place :
(a) in a plant (like yeast).
(b) in an animal tissue (like muscles).
(a) Draw a diagram of excretory system in human beings and label the following parts. Aorta, kidney, urinary bladder and urethra.
(b) How is urine produced and eliminated ?
(a) Name the raw materials required for photosynthesis. How do plants obtain these raw materials ?
(b) What are the various conditions necessary for photosynthesis ?
(c) Name the various factors which affect the rate of photosynthesis in plants.
"All plants give out oxygen during day and carbon dioxide during night". Do you agree with this statement? Give reason.
State the role of the following in human digestive system :
(i) Digestive enzymes (ii) Hydrochloric acid (iii) Villi
A Give one reason why multicellular organisms require special organs for exchange of gases between their body and their environment. :
Name the component of blood that helps in the formation of blood clot in the event of a cut.
What is the name of the opening in the human body through which undigested food is thrown out ?
What are the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration? Name some organisms that use the anaerobic mode of respiration.