Biology

Heredity and Evolution

Question:

Write the names of at least three inorganic molecules which helped in the origin of life on the earth.

Answer:

Methane, Ammonia and Hydrogen Sulphide.

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Heredity and Evolution

Q 1.

Which of the processes, sexual reproduction or asexual reproduction, brings about maximum variations in the offsprings ?

Q 2.

Choose the one term from the following which includes the other three :
broccoli, wild cabbage, cauliflower, cabbage

Q 3.

Why are the traits acquired during the lifetime of an individual not inherited ?

Q 4.

”The sex of the children is determined by what they inherit from their father and not their mother.” Justify.

Q 5.

Explain Darwin's theory of evolution.

Q 6.

What evidence do we have for the origin of life from inanimate matter? [All India]

Q 7.

Name five varieties of vegetables which have been produced from ‘wild cabbage’ by the process of artificial selection.

Q 8.

State one characteristic which shows that the birds are very closely related to dinosaurs.

Q 9.

Evolution has exhibited a greater stability of molecular structure when compared with morphological structures. Comment on the statement and justify your opinion.

Q 10.

Will geographical isolation be a major factor in the speciation of an organism that reproduces asexually ? Give reason for your answer.

Q 11.

What is a gene?

Q 12.

With the help of an example, explain how variation leads to evolution.

Q 13.

Study the following cross and showing self-pollination in Flf fill in the blank and answer the question that followsncert-exemplar-problems-class-10-science-chapter-9-heredity-evolution-1

Q 14.

Define variation.

Q 15.

Explain the mechanism of sex determination in humans. [All India]
Or
With the help of a flow chart explain in brief how the sex of a newborn is genetically determined in human beings. Which of the two parents, the mother or the father, is responsible for determination of sex of a child? [Foreign]

Q 16.

An individual cannot pass on to its progeny the experiences of its lifetime.” Justify the statement with the help of an example and also give reason for the same. [Foreign]

Q 17.

If a trait A exists in 10% of a population of an asexually reproducing species and a trait B exists in 60% Of the same population, which trait is likely to have arisen earlier ?

Q 18.

Write the names of at least three inorganic molecules which helped in the origin of life on the earth.

Q 19.

What type of plants were used by Mendel for conducting his experiments on inheritance ?

Q 20.

How do embryological studies provide evidence for evolution?

Q 21.

How is sex determined in human beings?

Q 22.

Explain with an example, how genes control the characteristics (or traits).

Q 23.

Out of bacteria, spider, fish and chimpanzee, which organism has a better body design in evolutionary terms ? Give reason for your answer.

Q 24.

Give an example of body characteristics used to determine how close two species are in terms of evolution and explain it. [All India]

Q 25.

Name the famous book written by Charles Robert Darwin.

Q 26.

Define homologous organs.

Q 27.

What are homologous organs? Can the wing of a butterfly and the wing of a bat be regarded as homologous? Why? [All India]

Q 28.

What do you understand by the term ‘evolution’ ? State Darwin’s theory of evolution.

Q 29.

Mention three important features of fossils which help in the study of evolution.

Q 30.

What is heredity?

Q 31.

How do homologous organs provide evidence in support of evolution?

Q 32.

Where did life originate on the earth ?

Q 33.

The forelimbs of a frog, a bird and a man show the same basic design (or basic structure) of bones. What name is given to such organs ?

Q 34.

What factors could lead to the rise of a new species ?

Q 35.

In evolutionary terms, can we say which among bacteria, spiders, fish and chimpanzees have a ‘better body design’ why or why not ?

Q 36.

Write the expanded form of DNA.

Q 37.

Define the term ‘evolution’. “Evolution cannot be equated with progress”. Justify this statement. [Delhi]

Q 38.

Will geographical isolation be a major factor in the speciation of a self-pollinating plant species ? Why or why not ?

Q 39.

What is meant by the term speciation? List four factors which could lead to speciation. [Delhi]

Q 40.

What are the chromosomes XY and XX known as ?

Q 41.

A new born child has an XY pair of chromosmes. Will it be a baby boy or a baby girl ?

Q 42.

Name the scientist who gave the theory of evolution.

Q 43.

Name an animal having rudimentary eyes.

Q 44.

Name two organisms which are now extinct and studied from their fossils.

Q 45.

Does the occurrence of diversity of animals on earth suggest their diverse ancestry also? Discuss this point in the light of evolution.

Q 46.

Can the wing of butterfly and the wing of a bat be considered homologous organs ? Why or why not ?

Q 47.

What evidence do we have for the origin of life from inanimate matter?

Q 48.

Define a gene.

Q 49.

Define Genetics. What is the contribution of Mendel in the field of genetics?

Q 50.

Who provided the evidence of DNA as the genetic material? Write the names of the components of the DNA molecule.