Why is AIDS considered to be a ‘Syndrome’ and not a disease ?
AIDS causing virus – HIV that comes into the body via the sexual organs or any other means like blood transfusion will spread to lymph nodes all over the body. The virus damages the immune system of the body and due to this the body can no longer fight off many minor infections. Instead, every small cold can become pneumonia or minor gut infection can become severe diarrhoea with blood loss. The effect of disease becomes very severe and complex, at times killing the person suffering from AIDS. Hence, there is no specific disease symptoms for AIDS but it results in a complex disease and symptoms. Therefore, it is known as a syndrome.
In which of the following case do you think the long-term effects on your health are likely to be most unpleasant ?
“On exposure with an infectious microbe does not necessarily mean developing noticeable disease”. Do you agree ? Explain with reason. If yes, how severe infections occur in our body ?
Many vaccines form the public health programme of childhood immunisation for preventing infectious disease. Name any two such diseases.
Give two examples for each of the following :
(a) Acute diseases
(b) Chronic diseases
(c) Infectious diseases
(d) Non-infectious diseases.
Under which of the following conditions are you most likely to fall sick ?
(a) when you are taking examinations.
(b) when you have travelled by bus and train for two days.
(c) when your friend is suffering from measles. Why ?
(i) Why a person suffering from AIDS cannot fight even small infections ?
(ii) In a slum area, many people are suffering from malaria. Mention any two unhygienic conditions that must be prevailing in that locality.
(iii) Why female Anopheles mosquito feeds on human blood ? [SAII – 2014]
(a) What is immunisation ?
(b) Define immunity and vaccination.
(c) Define vaccine. .
(d) What type of diseases can be prevented through vaccination ? [SAII -2013]
Name the target organs for the following diseases :
(a) Hepatitis targets…………
(b) Fits or unconsciousness targets…………
(c) Pneumonia targets…………
(d) Fungal disease targets…………
Becoming exposed to or infected with an infectious microbe (toes not necessarily mean developing noticeable disease. Explain.
State giving reasons whether the following statements are correct or not:
Majority of children in many parts of India are already immune to Hepatitis A by the time they are five years old. Why ?
(i) Which bacterium causes peptic ulcers ?
(ii) Who discovered the above pathogen for the first time ?
List any four essential factors that must be taken icare of by an individual for keeping good health.
What precautions can you take in your school to reduce the incidence of infectious diseases ?
Conduct a survey in your neighbourhood to find out what the three most common diseases are. Suggest three steps that could be taken by your local authorities to bring down the incidence of these diseases.