Question:
Differentiate between allergy and autoimmune diseases.
Answer:
| Allergy | Autoimmune Disease |
|---|
| 1. An allergy is a disease in which the immune system makes an inflammatory response to a harmless antigen. | 1. It is disease when the immune system fails to recognize the body’s own molecules as self and attacks the body’s cells as though they were foreign invaders. |
| 2. Mild or severe. Not not life threatening but require life long precautions. | 2. Life long treatment to reduce damage to body. |
| 3. e.g. itchy eyes, sneezing, and skin rashes, gluten allergy | 3. e.g. arthritis, diabetes |
Why Do We Fall Ill?
Q 1.
What do you mean by immune response ? , [SAII – 2014]
Q 3.
A baby is not able to tell her / his caretakers that she / he is sick. What would help us to find out:
(a) that the baby is sick ?
(b) what is the sickness ?
Q 4.
Are the answers to the above questions (Q2 and Q5) and necessarily the same or different? Why?
Q 5.
Name the pathogen causes peptic ulcer.
Q 6.
What are the different means by which infectious diseases are spread?
Q 7.
Name the target organs for the following diseases :
(a) Hepatitis targets…………
(b) Fits or unconsciousness targets…………
(c) Pneumonia targets…………
(d) Fungal disease targets…………
Q 8.
Name the diseases that can spread through housefly.
Q 9.
Write three differences between Personal Health and Community Health.
Q 10.
(a) What is immunisation ?
(b) Define immunity and vaccination.
(c) Define vaccine. .
(d) What type of diseases can be prevented through vaccination ? [SAII -2013]
Q 11.
What is an antibiotic ? Give its one example.
Q 12.
What do you mean by active and passive immunisation ? [SAll – 2015]
Q 13.
What are infectious agents? What are the different infectious agents?
Q 14.
Name any two groups of microorganisms from which antibiotics could be extracted.
Q 15.
(i) What are the various ways to prevent the diseases ?
(ii) What is immunisation ?
Q 16.
Classify the following diseases as infectious or non-infectious :
(a) AIDS (b) Tuberculosis
(c) Cholera (d) High blood pressure
(e) Heart disease (f) Pneumonia
(g) Cancer
Q 17.
Why are antibiotics not effective for viral disease ?
Q 18.
(i) How do you define 'disease'? (ii) State and explain in brief the four major factors, which are the causes of disease.
Q 19.
What is '
germ theory of disease'? Who proposed it?
Q 20.
Give three examples of bacterial diseases.
Q 21.
Name the protozoan pathogen that causes kala-azar.
Q 22.
Why taking an antibiotic is not effective in the common cold?
Q 23.
Name the vector that can cause sleeping sickness.
Q 24.
A doctor/nurse/health-worker is exposed to more sick people than others in the community. Find out how she/he avoids getting sick herself/himself.
Q 25.
What are antibodies?
Q 26.
(a) What are epidemic and endemic diseases? (b) Which organ is affected if a person is suffering from jaundice?
Q 27.
Majority of children in many parts of India are already immune to Hepatitis A by the time they are five years old. Why ?
Q 28.
Name any two diseases which are caused due to unprotected sexual intercourse.
Q 29.
What is a disease ? How many types of diseases have you studied ? Give examples.
Q 30.
Becoming exposed to or infected with an infectious microbe (toes not necessarily mean developing noticeable disease. Explain.
Q 31.
Common cold spreads faster and is difficult to control. Give reason. [SAII -2014]
Q 32.
Give four examples of Chronic diseases.
Q 33.
Define antibiotic? Explain how it is able to control bacterial infections but not viral infections.
Q 34.
What are the basic principles involved in medical treatment for diseases?
Q 35.
Why are kids and elderly people more vulnerable to cold/flu?
Q 36.
What is an antibiotic ? Give two examples.
Q 37.
The signs and symptoms of a disease will depend on the tissue or organ which the microbe targets Justify the statement with two examples. [SAll – 2014]
Q 38.
In which of the following case do you think the long-term effects on your health are likely to be most unpleasant ?
- if you get jaundice ?
- if you get lice ?
- if you get acne. Why ?
Q 39.
Give any four factors necessary for a healthy person.
Q 40.
Why does intake of penicillin not affect human cells ? [SAll – 2014]
Q 41.
Is there any difference between 'being healthy' and 'disease free'?
Q 42.
In which of the following case do you think the long-term effects on your health are likely to be most unpleasant? a. if you get jaundice, b. if you get lice, c. if you get acne. Why?
Q 43.
List the diseases caused by worms?
Q 44.
What is the scientific name of roundworm? Where do we find it commonly in the human body? Name the disease caused by it.
Q 45.
How do antibiotics (say Penicillin) work on bacteria but not on human beings?
Q 46.
Explain why antibiotics are more effective in curing bacterial diseases than viral diseases.
Q 47.
Give two examples of bacterial antibiotics.
Q 48.
Give an example of fungal antibiotic.
Q 49.
What is immunisation?
Q 50.
Why do people staying in air-conditioned homes/offices catch cold more often?
