History

Vital Villages, Thriving Towns

Question:

Mathura was a city with many Junctions. Explain. [V. Imp.]

Answer:

Mathura has been an important city for more than 2500 years. It was important for various reasons.
It was located at the cross roads of two major routes of travel and trade – from the northwest to the east and from north to south.

  • There were fortifications around the city, and several shrines. Farmers and herders from adjoining areas provided food for city people.
  • Mathura was also a centre where some extremely find sculpture was produced.
  • Around 2000 years ago, Mathura became the second capital of the Kushanas.
  • Mathura was a religious centre also. There were Buddhist monasteries and Jaina shrines. It was also an important centre for the worship of Lord Krishna.
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Vital Villages, Thriving Towns

Q 1.

Describe severed ways offinding out about early cities. [V. Imp.]

Q 2.

List the crafts persons who would have been present in both villages and cities.

Q 3.

Mention the occupations of people who lived in Mathura

Q 4.

If you have seen crafts persons at work, describe in a short paragraph what they do.
[Hint. How do they get the raw materials, what kind of equipment do they use, how do they work, what happens to the finished product.]

Q 5.

What do you know about Jatakas?

Q 6.

What do you know about punch marked coins?

Q 7.

Fill in the blanks:                                                                                                                                                         ,
(a)……. was a word used for large landowners in TamiL
(b)The gramabhojaka' often got his land cultivated by the…………………..
(c)Ploughmen were known as ………….. in Tamil                                                                                                       .
(d)Most grihapatis' were………….

Q 8.

Where were some of the largest collections of iron tools found?

Q 9.

What do you know about Arikamedu?

Q 10.

How can you say that Mathura was a religious place?

Q 11.

What was the use of iron tools?

Q 12.

How did people use ring wells?

Q 13.

Compare the drainage system in your locality with that of the cities mentioned in the lesson. What similarities and differences do you notice?

Q 14.

How did the dasa karmakara earn a living?

Q 15.

How luos wealth measured during early times?

Q 16.

What were ring wells?

Q 17.

List (he Junctions performed by men and women who live in your city and village. In what ways are these similar to those performed by people who lived in Mathura? In what ways are they different?

Q 18.

Describe the Junctions of the gramabhojaka'. Why do you think he was powerful?

Q 19.

What steps were taken to increase agricultural production?   [V. Imp.]

Q 20.

Why were Varanasi and Madurai famous?

Q 21.

Fill in the blanks with appropriate words to complete each sentence.
(i) The post of gram bhojaka was …………….
(ii)There were independent farmers also who were known as ……………………
(iii)……. literature was popular in Tamil Nadu.
(iv) The Jatakas were stories preserved by …………………
(v) The associations of crafts persons and merchants were known as ……………………….
(vi) Stamped red-glazed pottery was known as ……………….  ware.

Q 22.

What do you know about Sangam literature? [V. Imp.]

Q 23.

What did irrigation works include?

Q 24.

State whether these sentences are true (T) or false (F).
(i) The ploughshare was used to increase agricultural production.
(ii)Most of the grihpatis were large landowners.
(iii)Extremely fine pottery was found in the southern part of the sub-continent,
(iv) Shrenis also served as banks where rich men and women deposited money,
(v) Arretine Ware was named after a city in Germany.

Q 25.

What kind of information do we get from several inscriptions found in Mathura?

Q 26.

Mention any one function that was performed by the grama bhojaka

Q 27.

Write a short note on Arikamedu.

Q 28.

What were shrenis? What functions did shrenis of crafts persons perform?[Imp.]

Q 29.

Mathura was a city with many Junctions. Explain. [V. Imp.]

Q 30.

Who was the grama bhojaka? Write about him in brief.