Chemistry

Chemistry in Everyday Life

Question:

Which of the following is an example of liquid dishwashing detergent?
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Answer:

(b) Liquid dishwashing detergents are non-ionic detergents.

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Chemistry in Everyday Life

Q 1.

How are transparent soaps manufactured?

Q 2.

Which type of drugs come under antimicrobial drugs?

Q 3.

What is the basic difference between antiseptics and disinfectants?

Q 4.

Why do we need to classify drugs in different ways?

Q 5.

What is a soft soap?

Q 6.

What are biodegradable and non-biodegradable detergents? Give one example of each.

Q 7.

Which of the following statements are correct about barbiturates?
(a) Hypnotics or sleep producing agents.
(b) These are tranquilizers.
(c) Non-narcotic analgesics.
(d) Pain reducing without disturbing the nervous system.

Q 8.

What is the medicinal use of narcotic drugs?

Q 9.

While antacids and antiallergic drugs interfere with the function of histamines, why do these not interfere with the function of each other?

Q 10.

What is the difference between saccharin and saccharic acid?

Q 11.

Assertion (A): Receptor proteins show selectivity for one chemical messenger over the other.
Reason (R): Chemical messenger binds to the receptor site and inhibits its natural function.

Q 12.

Assertion (A): Preservative are added to food items.
Reason (R): Preservatives inhibit the growth of microorganisms.

Q 13.

Why should not medicines be taken without consulting doctors?

Q 14.

Veronal and Luminal are derivatives of barbituric acid which are ………….

Q 15.

Which of the following are anionic detergents?
(a) Sodium salts of sulphonated long chain alcohol.
(b) Ester of stearic acid and polyethylene glycol.
(c) Quaternary ammonium salt of amine with acetate ion.
(d) Sodium salts of sulphonated long chain hydrocarbons.

Q 16.

Define the term chemotherapy.

Q 17.

Which of the following are not used as food preservatives?
(a) Table salt (b) Sodium hydrogen carbonate
(c) Cane sugar (d) Benzoic acid

Q 18.

Which class of drugs is used in sleeping pills?

Q 19.

Why is it safer to use soap from the environmental point of view?

Q 20.

What is the scientific explanation for the feeling of depression?

Q 21.

How are receptor proteins located in the cell membrane?

Q 22.

What happens when the bond formed between an enzyme and an inhibitor is a strong covalent bond?

Q 23.

Synthetic detergents have advantage over usual soaps as far as cleansing power is concerned. But use of synthetic detergents over a long time creates environmental pollution. How can the pollution caused by synthetic detergents be minimized? Classify the detergents according to their chemical nature.

Q 24.

What are enzyme inhibitors? Classify them on the basis of their mode of attachments on the active site of enzymes. With the help of diagrams explain how do inhibitors inhibit the enzymatic activity.
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Q 25.

Explain the term, target molecules or drug targets as used in medicinal chemistry.

Q 26.

What are antiseptics?

Q 27.

What is the harmful effect of hyperacidity?

Q 28.

What type of forces are involved in binding of substrate to the active site of enzyme?

Q 29.

What is the medicinal use of narcotic drugs?

Q 30.

What are the functions performed by histamine in the body?

Q 31.

With the help of an example explain how do tranquilizers control the feeling of depression?

Q 32.

Why are certain drugs called enzyme inhibitors?

Q 33.

In what respect do prontosil and Salvarsan resemble? Is there any resemblance between azo dye and prontosil? Explain.

Q 34.

What is meant by the term broad spectrum antibiotics? Explain.

Q 35.

Why is the use of aspartame limited to cold foods and drinks?

Q 36.

Which of the following compounds are administered as ant-acids?
(a) Sodium carbonate (b)Sodium Hydrogen carbonate
(c)Aluminium carbonate (d)Magnism Hydroxide

Q 37.

Write the uses of medicines.

Q 38.

What are fillers and what role these fillers play in soap?

Q 39.

Assertion (A): Receptors are crucial to body's communication process. Reason (R): Receptors are proteins.

Q 40.

Why do we require artificial sweetening agents?

Q 41.

How do antiseptics differ from disinfectants? Give one example of each.

Q 42.

What are the main constituents of dettol?

Q 43.

Name the sweetening agent used in the preparation of sweets for a diabetic patient.

Q 44.

Aspirin is pain relieving antipyretic drug but can be used to prevent heart attack. Explain.

Q 45.

Both antacids and antiallergic drugs are antihistamines but they cannot replace each other. Explain why?

Q 46.

Explain why sometimes foaming is seen in river water near the place where sewage water is poured after treatment?

Q 47.

Which category of the synthetic detergents is used in toothpaste?

Q 48.

Dishwashing soaps are synthetic detergents. What is their chemical nature?

Q 49.

Between sodium hydrogen carbonate and magnesium hydroxide which is a better antacid and why?

Q 50.

Which analgesics are called opiates?