Biology

Human Health and Disease

Question:

What are the various public health measures, which you would suggest as safeguard against infectious diseases?
 

Answer:

The various public health measures against infectious diseases includes the following –
1.Education – People should be educated about the infectious diseases so that they may protect themselves against the infections.
2.A people suffering from any infections should be isolated to avoid its transmission to any other person.
3.Vaccination – People should get vaccination to avoid infection. Vaccination is available against cholera, typhoid, TB etc.
4.Sanitation – Sanitary surroundings can prevent spread of diseases. Public hygiene includes – suitable disposal of waste & human excreta; periodic cleaning and disinfection of water sources; observing normal practices of hygiene in public catering. Personal hygiene includes keeping the body clean, intake of clean drinking water, vegetables, fruits etc.
5.Eradication of vectors – The breeding places of vectors should be destroyed & adult vectors killed by appropriate methods.

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Human Health and Disease

Q 1.

List the harmful effects caused by alcohol/drug abuse.

Q 2.

Explain what is meant by metastasis.

Q 3.

How is a cancerous cell different from a normal cell?

Q 4.

What is the mechanism by which the AIDS virus causes deficiency of immune system of the infected person?

Q 5.

What are the various public health measures, which you would suggest as safeguard against infectious diseases?
 

Q 6.

What are the various routes by which trans-mission of human immunodeficiency virus takes place?

Q 7.

In which way has the study of biology helped us to control infectious diseases?

Q 8.

In your view what motivates youngsters to take to alcohol or drugs and how can this be avoided?

Q 9.

What measures would you take to prevent water borne diseases?

Q 10.

The following are some well-known abbreviations, which have been used in this chapter. Expand each one to its fall form:
(a)MALT (b) CMI
(c)AIDS (d)NACO
(e)HIV

Q 11.

Name the primary and secondary lymphoid organs.

Q 12.

Discuss with your teacher what does ‘a suitable gene' means, in the context of DNA vaccines.

Q 13.

Draw a well-labelled diagram of an antibody

Q 14.

Why is that once a person starts taking alcohol or drugs, it is difficult to get rid of this habit? Discuss it with your teacher.

Q 15.

Hovy does the transmission of each of the following diseases take place?
(a)Amoebiasis (b) Malaria
(c)Ascariasis (d) Pneumonia

Q 16.

Differentiate the following and give examples of each
(a)Innate and acquired immunity
(b)Active and passive immunity

Q 17.

Do you think that friends can influence one to take alcohol/drugs? If yes, how may one protect himself/herself from such an influence?