What are the modifications that are observed in birds that help them fly?
Birds have adapted to aerial mode of life through the following modifications:
(i) Body is streamlined and spindle shaped which minimise resistance to the wind.
(ii)Body is covered with feathers. It reduces the friction, prevent loss of heat and help to maintain constant temperature.
(iii)Forelimbs are modified into wings, which help during flight.
(iv)Flight muscles are greatly developed
(v) Most of the bones are pneumatic, hollow and filled vvith air which makes the body lighter and helps in flight.
(vi)Birds are warm-blooded. They maintain a high body temperature (40 ° – 46 °C). This is necessary for flight.
(vii)Heart is four-chambered and functions efficiently with double circulation.
(viiiJAir sacs are present which act as reservoir of air and helps in temperature regulation
(ix)Urinary bladder is absent (except in Rhea) and only one ovary is present which reduces the weight, which is essential for flight.
Sort out the animals on the basis of their symmetry (radial or bilateral) coelenterates, ctenophores, annelids, arthropods, and echinoderms.
Give one example each for an animal possessing placoid scales and that with cycloid scales.
Write one example each of the following in the space provided.
(a) Cold blooded animal_______
(b) Warm blooded animal_______
(c) Animal possessing dry and cornified skin_______
(d) Dioecious animal_______
There has been an increase in the number of chambers in heart during evolution of vertebrates. Give the names of the class of vertebrates having two, three or four-cham-bered heart.
There has been an increase in the number of chambers in heart during evolution of vertebrates. Give the names of the class of vertebrates having two, three or four-chambered heart.
Match the following.
Animals Locomotory Organ
(a) Octopus (i) Limbs
(b) Crocodile (ii) Comb plates
(c) Catla (iii) Tentacles
(d) Ctenoplana (iv) Fins
Identify the phylum in which adults exhibit radial symmetry and larva exhibit bilateral symmetry.
Endoparasites are found inside the host body. Mention the special structure, possessed by these and which enables them to survive in those conditions.
Match the following list of animals with their level of organization.
| Division of Labour | Animal | ||
| A. | Organ level | (i) | Pheretima |
| B. | Cellular aggregate level | (ii) | Fasciola |
| C. | Tissue level | (iii) | Spongilla |
| D. | Organ system level | (iv) | Obelia |
Choose the correct match showing division of labour with animal example.
Could the number of eggs or young ones produced by an oviparous and viviparous mother be equal? Why?
Match the following and write correct choice in space provided.
| Animal | Characteristics | ||
| a. | Pila | (i) | Jointed appendages |
| b. | Cockroach | (ii) | Perching |
| c. | Asterias | . (iii) | Water vascular system |
| d. | Torpedo | (iv) | Electric organ |
| e. | Parrot | (v) | Presence of shell |
| f. | Dog fish | (vi) | Placoid scales |
Endoparasites are found inside the host body. Mention the special structure, possessed by these and which enables them to survive in those conditions.
Name
(a) A limbless animal
(b) A cold blooded animal
(c) A warm blooded animal
(d) An animal possessing dry and cornified skin
(e) An animal having canal system and spicules
(f) An animal with cnidoblasts
Match the following and write correct choice in space provided
Animal Characteristics
(a) Pila (i) Jointed appendages
(b) Cockroach (ii) Perching
(c) Asterias (iii) Water vascular system
(d) Torpedo (iv) Electric organ
(e) Parrot (v) Presence of shell
(f) Dogfish (vi) Placoidscales
(a)______, (b)______, (c)______, (d)______,
(e)______, (f)______
How useful is the study of the nature of body cavity and coelom in the classification of animals?
Comment upon the habitats and external features of animals belonging to class, amphibia and reptilia.
Fill up the blank spaces appropriately.
|
Phylum/ Class |
Excretory Organ |
Circulatory Organ |
Respiratory Organ |
| Arthropoda | A | B . | Lungs/Gills/ Tracheal System |
| C | Nephridia | Closed | Skin/Parapodia |
| D | Metanephridia | Open | E |
| Amphibia | F | Closed | Lung |
Match the following:
| a. | Amphibia | (i) | Air bladder |
| b. | Mammals | (ii) | Cartilagenous notochord |
| c. | Chondrichthyes | (hi) | Mammary glands |
| d. | Osteichthyes | (iv) | Pneumatic bones |
| e. | Cyclostomata | (v) | Dual habitat |
| f. | Aves | (vi) | Sucking and circular mouth without jaws |
Sort out the animals on the basis of their symmetry (radial or bilateral) coelenterates, ctenophores, annelids, arthropods, and echinoderms.
Give an example for each of the following:
a. A viviparous animal
b. A fish possessing a poison sting
c. A fish possessing an electric organ
d. An organ, which regulates buoyancy
e. Animal, which exhibits alternation of generation
f. Oviparous animal with mammary gland.
Excretory organs of different animals are given below. Choose correctly and write in the space provided.
| Animal | Excetory Organ/Unit | ||
| a. | Balanoglossus | (i) | Metanephridia |
| b. | Leech | (ii) | Nephridia |
| c. | Locust | (iii) | Flame cells |
| d. | Liver fluke | (iv) | Absent |
| e. | Sea urchin | (v) | Malpighian tubule |
| f. | Pila | (vi) | Proboscis gland |
Mention two similarities between:
Aves and mammals
A frog and crocodile ‘
A turtle and pila
Name the animal, which exhibits the phenomenon of bioluminescence. Mention the phylum to which it belongs.
Give three major differences between chordates and non-chordates and draw a schematic sketch of a chordate showing those features.
Match the following
(a) Amphibia (i) Air bladder
(b) Mammals (ii) Cartilaginous notochord
(c) Chondrichthyes (iii) Mammary glands
(d) Osteichthyes (iv) Pneumatic bones
(e) Cyclostomata (v) Dual habitat
(f) Aves (vi) Sucking and circular mouth without jaws.
Differentiate between:
a. Open and closed circulatory system .
b. Oviparity and viviparity
c. Direct and indirect development
d. Aceolomate and pseudocoelomate
e. Notochord and nerve cord
f. Polyp and medusa
Name
a. A limbless animal ‘
b. A cold blooded animal
c. A warm blooded animal
d. An animal possessing dry and comified skin
e. An animal having canal system and spicules
f. An animal with cnidoblasts
Mention one example each for animals with chitinous exoskeleton and those covered by a calcareous shell.
Match the column A with column B and choose the correct option.
| Column A | Column B | ||
| A. | Porifera | (i) | Canal system |
| B. | Aschelminthes | (ii) | Water-vascular system |
| C. | Annelida | (iii) | Muscular Pharynx |
| D. | Arthropoda | (iv) | Jointed appendages |
| E. | Echinodermata | (v) | Metamers |
Write one example each of the following in the space provided.
a. Cold blooded animal
b. Warm blooded animal
c. Animal possessing dry and comified skin
d. Dioecious animal
Give an example for the following:
a. Roundworm
b. Fish possessing poison sting
c. A limbless reptile/amphibian .
d. An oviparous mammal
Differentiate between:
a. Open circulatory system and closed circulatory system
b. Oviparous and viviparous characteristic
c. Direct development and Indirect development
Give an example of the following
(a) Round worm
(b) Fish possessing poison sting
(c) A limbless reptile/ amphibian
(d) An oviparous mammal
What are the reasons that you can think of for the arthropods to constitute the largest group of the animal kingdom?
Mention two similarities between
(a) Aves and mammals
(b) A frog and crocodile
(c) A turtle and Pila
