Define breathing. State the differences between breathing and respiration.
The mechanism by which an organism obtains oxygen from the air and releases carbon dioxide is called breathing.Difference between breathing and respiration:-
Breathing
(i) Breathing is a simple process.
(ii) Breathing involves taking in oxygen from the air and releasing carbon dioxide into the air.
(iii) Breathing is a physical process.
Respiration
(i) Respiration is a complex process.
(ii) Respiration includes breathing as well as the oxidation of food in the cells of the organism to release energy.
(iii) Respiration is a bio-chemical process.
What is the name of tiny projections on the inner surface of small intestine which help in absorbing the digested food ?
Write correct sequence of four steps of method for the preparation of temporary mount of a stained leaf peel.
Name the process by which plant parts like roots, stems, and leaves get oxygen required for respiration.
Name the final product/products obtained in the anaerobic respiration, if it takes place :
(a) in a plant (like yeast).
(b) in an animal tissue (like muscles).
A Give one reason why multicellular organisms require special organs for exchange of gases between their body and their environment. :
(a) List the three events that occur during the process of photosynthesis.
Explain the role of stomata in this process.
(b) Describe an experiment to show that "sunlight is essential for photosynthesis."
(a) Name the pigment in leaves which absorbs sunlight energy.
(b) What is the colour of this pigment ?
(a) Define a nutrient. Name four important nutrients present in our food.
(b) What are the various types of heterotrophic nutrition ?
(a) Draw a diagram to show open stomatal pore and label on it:
(i) guard cells
(ii) chloroplast
(b) State two functions of stomata.
(c) How do guard cells regulate the opening and closing of stomatal pore?
Name the component of blood that helps in the formation of blood clot in the event of a cut.
(a) What is meant by breathing? What happens to the rate of breathing during vigorous exercise and why?
(b) Define translocation with respect to transport in plants. Why is it essential for plants? Where in plants are the following synthesised?
(i) Sugar (iii) Hormone
Apart from sunlight and chlorophyll, what other things are required to make food by photosynthesis ?
What is the scientific name of the animals which are :
(i) only meat eaters ?
(ii) only plant eaters ?
(iii) both, plant and meat eaters ?
(a) What is common for Cuscuta, ticks and leeches ?
(b) Name the substances on which the following enzymes act in the human digestive system :
(i) Trypsin (ii) Amylase (iii) Pepsin (iv) Lipase
(c) Why does absorption of digested food occur mainly in the small intestine ?
(a) What is photosynthesis ?
(b) Write a chemical equation to show the process of photosynthesis in plants.
(c) Explain the mechanism of photosynthesis.
(a) Define nutrition. Why is nutrition necessary for an organism ?
(b) What are the different modes of nutrition ? Explain with one example of each mode of nutrition.
(c) Name the mode of nutrition in (i) roundworm, and (ii) Plasmodium.
State the three common features of all the respiratory organs like skin, gills and lungs.
What are the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration? Name some organisms that use the anaerobic mode of respiration.
In human alimentary canal, name the site of complete digestion of various components of food. Explain the process of digestion.
(a) Draw a diagram to show the nutrition in Amoeba and label the parts used for this purpose. Mention any other purpose served by this part other than nutrition.
(b) Name the glands associated with digestion of starch in human digestive tract and mention their role.
(c) How is required pH maintained in the stomach and small intestine?
Name the intermediate and the end products of glucose breakdown in aerobic respiration.