1. Isotopes of Hydrogen.
The hydrogen element has three isotopes having the same atomic number of 1 but different mass numbers of 1, 2 and 3 respectively. The three isotopes of hydrogen can be represented as :
H
H and
H
The three isotopes of hydrogen, ]H, ?H and have been given the special names of protium, deuterium and tritium respectively.
(i) Protium is the ordinary hydrogen isotope of mass number 1. Protium is represented as
H .Protium does not have a special symbol.
(ii) Deuterium is the heavy hydrogen isotope of mass number 2.Deuterium is represented as
H.The special symbol of deuterium is D.
(iii) Tritium is the very heavy hydrogen isotope of mass number 3.Tritium is represented as
H.The special symbol of tritium is T.
Thus,we can now say that
hydrogen element has three isotopes :protium,deuterium and tritium,having the same atomic number of 1 but different mass numbers of 1, 2 and 3 respectively.
The complete composition of the three isotopes of hydrogen is given below :
Name | Isotope | Protons | Neutrons | Electrons |
---|
Protium Deuterium Tritium | H H H | 1 1 1 | 0 1 2 | 1 1 1 |
It is clear from the above table that all the isotopes of hydrogen contain 1 proton and 1 electron each but they contain 0,1 and 2 neutrons respectively. Please note that the ordinary hydrogen isotope (protium) does not contain any neutron ; the heavy hydrogen isotope (deuterium) contains 1 neutron ; whereas the very heavy hydrogen isotope (tritium) contains 2 neutrons.
The diagrams of the three isotopes of hydrogen are given below :
Notes
Structure of the Atom - Notes
1. Drawback of Rutherford’s Model of the Atom
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2. Rutherford’s Experiment - Discovery of Nucleus
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3. For the symbols H, D and T,tabulate three sub-atomic particles found in each of them.
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5. Structure of The Atom - Study Points
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10. Arrangement Of Electrons In The Atoms
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13. Limitations of Rutherford's model of the atom
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15. All about Names of the Chemical Elements
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17. How to learn naming Chemical Formulae?
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20. Comparison between Proton, Neutron and Electron
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21. Electronic Configurations of First 20 Elements
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26. Rules for writing of distribution of electrons in various shells for the first 18 elements
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35. The Physical Properties of the Isotopes of an Element are Different
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39. All the Isotopes of an Element Have Identical Chemical Properties
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42. Relationship Between Mass Number and Atomic Number
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44. Valaence Electrons (Or Valancy Electrons)
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45. Electronic Configurations of Noble Gases (or Inert Gases)
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48. Reason for the Fractional Atomic Masses of Elements
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49. Applications of Radioactive Isotopes
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50. Relation Between Valency and Valence Electrons
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