Question:
Write differences between Transverse waves and Longitudinal waves.
Answer:
| S.No. | Transverse Waves | Longitudinal Waves |
|---|
| 1 | Particles of medium vibrate perpendicular to the direction of propagation of wave. | Particles of medium vibrate along the direction of propagation. |
| 2 | Waves are propagated in the form of crests and troughs. | Waves are transmitted in the medium in the form of rarefactions and compressions. |
| 3 | No pressure variation in the medium. | Pressure and density of the medium are maximum at compressions and minimum at rarefactions. |
| 4 | e.g. waves in solids, liquid surfaces | e.g. Travel in solids, liquids and gases. |
Sound
Q 1.
By how much does the speed of sound increase with rise of temperature ?
Q 2.
How is sound propagated through a material medium ? What is wave motion ?
Q 3.
A hospital uses an ultrasonic scanner to locate tumors in a tissue. What is the wavelength of sound in a tissue is which the speed of sound is 1.7 km/s. The operating frequency of the scanner is 4.2 MHz. (1MHz = 10
6 Hz).
Q 4.
How are compressions and rarefactions produced near a source of sound ?
Q 5.
Fill in the blanks :
Sound, compressional waves in springs are examples of _____________.
Q 6.
An engine is approaching a hill at constant speed.When it is at a distance of 0.9 km,it blows a whisde,whose echo is heard by the driver after 5 s.If the speed of sound is 340 m/s,calculate the speed of the engine.
Q 7.
What is audible range ?
Q 8.
Obtain a relation between speed,frequency and wavelength of a wave.
Q 9.
What are the factors speed of sound wave depends upon?
Q 10.
Fill in the blanks :
v = ? × ?
Q 11.
Fill in the blanks :
In a __________ wave the particles of the medium oscillate in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the wave propagates.
Q 12.
What is infrasonic? Give an example.
Q 13.
A bat emits ultrasonic sound of frequency 100 kHz in air.If this sound meets a water surface,what is the wavelength of (a) the reflected sound wave (b) the transmitted sound wave ?
Given speed of sound in air = 340 m/s and in water = 1486 m/s.
Q 14.
Why are sound waves called mechanical waves ?
Q 15.
How are the wavelength and frequency of a sound wave related to its speed ?
Q 16.
Fill in the blanks :
The product of wavelength of wave and its frequency gives _____________.
Q 17.
What is Sound? Why it is important for us?
Q 18.
A wave of wavelength 0-60 cm is produced in air and it travels at a speed of 300 m/s.Will it be audible ?
Q 19.
A man standing at 51 m from a wall fires a gun.Calculate the time after which an echo is heard.The speed of sound is 340 m/s.
Q 20.
Which wave property determines (a) loudness (b) pitch ?
Q 22.
What do you mean by reverberation and reverberation time ? How is reverberation controlled ?
Q 23.
What is SONAR ? How is it used to detect an underwater object and measure its distance
Q 24.
Fill in the blanks :
RADAR (Radio Detection And Ranging) works on _____________ principle which is used to determine the velocities and movement of aircrafts.
Q 25.
How does sound travel in gases and liquids as longitudinal or as transverse waves?
Q 26.
What is speed of sound in air?
Q 27.
What is a wave number?
Q 28.
Calculate the wavelength of a sound wave whose frequency is 220 Hz and speed is
440 m/s in a given medium.
Q 29.
Write differences between Transverse waves and Longitudinal waves.
Q 30.
What type of wave is represented by density- distance graph?
Q 31.
Guess which has a higher pitch : a guitar or a car horn ?
Q 32.
Why are the ceilings of concert halls curved ?
Q 33.
Explain how defects in a metal block can be detected using ultrasound.
Q 34.
What are ultrasonics ?
Q 35.
What are infrasonics ?
Q 36.
What is sound barrier ?
Q 37.
There are no echoes produced in small living rooms.Explain why echoes are produced only in large galleries and halls.
Q 38.
What is the range of frequencies of audio waves,infrasonics and ultrasonics ?
Q 39.
We see flash earlier than the thunder.Discuss.
Q 40.
Fill in the blanks :
The principle on which stethoscope works is _____ (reflection/ multiple reflection)
Q 41.
Fill in the blanks :
Ripples waves on water surface are example of ____________.
Q 42.
What is a longitudinal wave?
Q 43.
If 20 waves are produced per second, what is the frequency in hertz?
Q 44.
What is reverberation?
Q 45.
Demonstrate an activity to show that sound requires a medium to travel.
Q 46.
A person is listening to a tone of 500 Hz sitting at a distance of 450 m from the source of the sound. What is the time interval between successive compressions from the source?
Q 47.
A periodic longitudinal Wave is sent on a slinky.The wave proceeds at a speed of 48 m/s and each particle oscillates at a frequency of 12 Hz.Calculate the minimum separation between the positions where the slinky is most compressed.
Q 48.
A longitudinal wave is produced on a slinky.The frequency of the wave is 25 Hz and it travels at a speed of 20 cm/s. Find the separation between consecutive positions of maximum compressions.
Q 49.
A person standing between two vertical cliffs and 680 m away from the nearest cliff,shouted.He heard the first echo after 4 s and the second echo 3 s later.Calculate (a) the speed of sound in air and (b) distance between the two cliffs.
Q 50.
How does the sound produced by a vibrating object in a medium reach your ear ?
