Question:
Explain how the human ear works.
Answer:
The functioning of the human ear is shown in Fig.
(i) The
outer ear collects sound waves which are conducted through the auditory canal.
(ii)These waves fall on the ear drum and set it into vibrations.
(iii) The
middle ear which is of the size of a small marble and houses osscicles (three bones : hammer,anvil and stirrup) amplifies these oscillations about 60 times.
(iv) The
inner ear which contains cochlea and is filled with a fluid converts these pressure variations into electrical signals.
(v)These electrical signals are conveyed to the brain via
auditory nerve for interpretation.
Sound
Q 1.
Fill in the blanks :
v = ? × ?
Q 2.
What are the factors speed of sound wave depends upon?
Q 3.
Why do we use upholstered seats in theatres and halls ?
Q 4.
What propagates along with the waves ?
Q 5.
What are ultrasonics?
Q 6.
How is sound propagated through a material medium ? What is wave motion ?
Q 7.
Explain how sound is produced by your school bell ?
Q 8.
What are wavefronts?
Q 9.
A sound wave travels at a speed of 339 ms
–1. If its wavelength is 1.5 cm, what is the frequency of the wave?
Q 10.
What is a wave number?
Q 11.
A man standing at 51 m from a wall fires a gun.Calculate the time after which an echo is heard.The speed of sound is 340 m/s.
Q 12.
The sound of distant horses can be heard by applying the ear to the ground whereas it is inaudible if the ear is held a little distance above the ground.Explain.
Q 13.
Obtain a relation between speed,frequency and wavelength of a wave.
Q 14.
Fill in the blanks :
The product of wavelength of wave and its frequency gives _____________.
Q 15.
sonar emits pulses on the surface of water which are detected after reflection from its bottom at a depth 1531 m.If the time interval between the emission and detection of the pulse is 2 s,find the speed of : sound in water.
Q 16.
Explain the working and application of a sonar.
Q 17.
Explain how the human ear works.
Q 18.
What travels faster : a rifle bullet or the sound of the shot fired from it ?
Q 19.
Sounds we hear inform us of the state of world around us,especially of that part of it which our other senses,such as touch and sight,cannot reach.Illustrate this with appropriate examples.
Q 20.
Distinguish between loudness and intensity of sound.
Q 21.
A ship sends out ultrasound that returns from the seabed and is detected after 3.42 s.If the speed of the ultrasound through sea water is 1531 m/s,what is the distance of the seabed from the ship ?
Q 22.
What is the difference between an echo and a reverberation ?
Q 23.
How does sound travel in gases and liquids as longitudinal or as transverse waves?
Q 24.
A boat anchor is rocked by waves whose consecutive crests are 100 m apart.If the wave speed of the moving crests is 20 m/s,calculate the frequency at which the boat rocks.
Q 25.
A person standing between two vertical cliffs and 680 m away from the nearest cliff,shouted.He heard the first echo after 4 s and the second echo 3 s later.Calculate (a) the speed of sound in air and (b) distance between the two cliffs.
Q 26.
What is audible range ?
Q 27.
Try to imagine what you would feel, what sort of person you would be,had you been born totally deaf.
Q 28.
What is Sound? Why it is important for us?
Q 29.
Why transverse wave does not travel through air or gases?
Q 30.
Calculate the wavelength of a sound wave having a frequency 300 Hz and speed 330 m/s.
Q 31.
Fill in the blanks :
RADAR (Radio Detection And Ranging) works on _____________ principle which is used to determine the velocities and movement of aircrafts.
Q 32.
A hospital uses an ultrasonic scanner to locate tumors in a tissue. What is the wavelength of sound in a tissue is which the speed of sound is 1.7 km/s. The operating frequency of the scanner is 4.2 MHz. (1MHz = 10
6 Hz).
Q 33.
What is infrasonic? Give an example.
Q 34.
A periodic longitudinal Wave is sent on a slinky.The wave proceeds at a speed of 48 m/s and each particle oscillates at a frequency of 12 Hz.Calculate the minimum separation between the positions where the slinky is most compressed.
Q 35.
Guess which has a higher pitch : a guitar or a car horn ?
Q 36.
How are the wavelength and frequency of a sound wave related to its speed ?
Q 37.
Write the name of the wave which propagates in terms of compressions and rarefactions.
Q 38.
Fill in the blanks :
If a body repeats its motion, within fix interval of time, along a certain path, about a fixed point, it is said to have ____________.
Q 39.
What are wavelength, frequency, time period and amplitude of a sound wave?
Q 40.
What type of wave is represented by density- distance graph?
Q 41.
What is the audible range of the average human ear ?
Q 42.
How are compressions and rarefactions produced near a source of sound ?
Q 43.
Fill in the blanks :
Waves transport _________ not matter.
Q 44.
Write differences between Transverse waves and Longitudinal waves.
Q 45.
Give an application use of ultrasonics.
Q 46.
is sound wave called a longitudinal wave ?
Q 47.
How is ultrasound used for cleaning ?
Q 48.
For hearing the loudest ticking sound heard by the ear,find the angle x in the Fig.
Q 49.
Discuss the role of medium in the propagation of sound.
Q 50.
Distinguish between music and noise.
