Explain the terms polymer and monomer.
Polymers are high molecular mass substances consisting of a very large number of simple repeating structural units joined together through covalent bonds in a regular fashion. Polymers are also called macromolecules. Some examples are polythene, nylon-66, bakelite, rubber, etc. Monomers are the. simple and reactive molecules from which the polymers are prepared either by addition or condensation polymerisation. Some examples are ethene, vinyl chloride, acrylonitrile, phenol and formaldehyde etc.
Which of the following polymers are used as fibre?
(a) Polytetrafluoroethane (b) Poly chloroprene
(c) Nylon (d) Terylene
Write the monomers used for gettingThe following polymers:
(i) Polyvinylchloride
(ii) Teflon (iii) Bakelite
What is a biodegradable polymer ? Give an example of a biodegradable aliphatic polyester.
Assertion (A): Olefinic monomers undergo addition polymerization.
Reason (R): Polymerisation of vinyl chloride is initiated by peroxides/ persulphates.
Which of the following polymers are condensation polymers?
(a) Bakelite (b) Teflon
(c) Butyl rubber (d) Melamine formaldehyde resin
Which of the following polymers soften on heating and harden on cooling? What are the polymers with this property collectively called? What are the polymers with this property collectively called? What are the structural similarities between such polymers? Bakelite, urea-formaldehyde resin, polythene, polyvinyl, polystyrene.
Name the polymers used in laminated sheets and give the name of monomeric units involved in its formation.
Which type of biomolecules have some structural similarity with synthetic polyamides? What is this similarity?
What is the role of benzoyl peroxide in addition polymerization of alkenes? Explain its mode of action with the help of an example.
Which of the following polymers are thermoplastic?
(a) Teflon (b) Natural rubber (c) Neoprene (d) Polystyrene
Out of chain growth polymerisation and step growth polymerisation, in which type will you place the following.
Which of the following are characteristics of thermosetting polymers?
(a) Heavily branched cross linked polymers.
(b) Linear slightly branched long chain molecules.
(c) Become infusible on moulding so cannot be reused.
(d) Soften on heating and harden on cooling, can be reused.
Assertion (A): For making rubber synthetically, isoprene molecules are polymerised.
i Reason (R): Neoprene (a polymer of chloroprene) is a synthetic rubber.
Write the names and structures of the monomers of the following polymers:
(i) Buna-S (ii) Buna-N (iii) Dacron (iv) Neoprene
Which of the following are addition polymers?
(a) Nylon (b) Melamine formaldehyde resin
(c) Orion (d) Polystyrene
Classify the following as addition and condensation polymers:
Terylene, Bakelite, Polyvinyl chloride,Polythene
Which of the following polymers can have strong intermolecular forces?
(a) Nylon (b) Polystyrene (c) Rubber (d) Polyester
Assertion (A): Polyamides are best used as fibres because of high tensile strength.
Reason (R): Strong intermolecular forces (like hydrogen bonding within polyamides) lead to close packing of chains and increase the crystalline character, hence, provide high tensile strength to polymers.
Assertion (A): For making rubber synthetically, isoprene molecules are polymerised.
i Reason (R): Neoprene (a polymer of chloroprene) is a synthetic rubber.
How is the following resin intermediate prepared and which polymer is formed by this monomer unit?
Assertion (A): Most of the synthetic polymers are not biodegradable.
Reason (R): Polymerisation process induces toxic character in organic molecules.
Low density polythene and high density polythene, both are polymers of ethane but there is marked difference in their properties. Explain.
Match the polymers given in Column I with the type of linkage present in them given in Column II.
In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) followed by a statement of
Reason (R) is given. Choose the correct answer out of the following choices:
(a) Assertion and Reason both are correct statements but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
(b) Assertion and Reason both are correct statements and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
(c) Both Assertion and Reason are false.
(d) Assertion is correct but Reason is false.
(e) Assertion is false but Reason is correct.
Assertion (A): Rayon is a semi-synthetic polymer and is taken as a better choice than cotton fabric.
Reason (R): Mechanical and aesthetic properties of cellulose can be improved by acetylation.
Assertion (A): Network polymers are thermosetting.
Reason (R): Network polymers have high molecular mass.
What is the structural difference between HDP and LDP? How does the structure account for different behaviour and nature, hence the use of a polymer?
Why should the monomers used in addition polymerisation through free radical pathway be very pure?
Synthetic polymers do not degrade in the environment for a long time. How can biodegradable synthetic polymers be made. Differentiate between biopolymers and biodegradable polymers and give examples of each type.
Write the name and structure of one of the common initiators used in free radical addition polymerisation.
