An orchid plant is growing on the branch of mango tree. How do you describe this interaction between the orchid and the mango tree?
An orchid plant is growing on the branch of a mango tree is called epiphyte, i.e., plants growing on other plants or trees. This type of interaction is known as commensalism, where in orchid / derives benefit of interaction whereas mango tree is not affected. The orchid growing on the branch of mango tree get more light to grow and also, the mango is not harmed in any way.
Commensalism can be defined as an interaction between two animal or plant species that habitually live together in which one species benefits from the association while the other is not significantly affected.
Why do all the fresh water organisms have contractile vacuoles whereas , majority of marine organisms lack them?
Lianas are vascular plants rooted in the ground and maintain erectness of their stem by making use of other trees for support. They do not maintain direct relation with those trees. Discuss the type of association the lianas have with the trees.
Give one example for each of the following types.
(a) Migratory animal (b) Camouflaged animal
(c) Predator animal (d) Biological control agent
(e) Phytophagous animal (f) Chemical defense agent
Define the following terms and give one example for each:
(a)Commensalism (b)Parasitism
(c)Camouflage (d)Mutualism
(e)Interspecific competition
a. Label the three tiers 1, 2, 3 given in the above age pyramid.
b. What type of population growth is represented by the above age pyramid?
If a population growing exponentially double in size in 3 years, what is the intrinsic rate of increase (r) of the population?
In a pond, we see plants which are free-floating; rooted-submerged; footed emergent; rooted with floating leaves. Write the type of plants against each of them.
Do you agree that regional and local variations exist within each.biome? Substantiate your answer with suitable example.
If a marine fish is placed in a fresh water aquarium, will the fish be able to survive? Why or why not?
The following diagrams are the age pyramids of different populations. Comment on the status of these populations.
An orchid plant is growing on the branch of mango tree. How do you describe this interaction between the orchid and the mango tree?
What is the ecological principle behind the biological control method of managing with pest insects?
Write a short note on
(a)Adaptations of desert plants and animals
(b)Adaptations of plants to water scarcity
(c)Behavioural adaptations in animals
(d)Importance of light to plants
(e)Effect of temperature or water scarcity and the adaptations of animals.
Why are coral reefs not found in the regions from. West Bengal to Andhra Pradesh but are found in Tamil Nadu and on the east coast of India?
In an aquarium two herbivorous species of fish are living together and feeding on phytoplanktons. As per the Gause's Principle, one of the species is to be eliminated in due course of time, but both are surviving well in the aquarium. Give possible reasons.
Name the association in which one species produces poisonous substance or a change in environmental conditions that is harmful to another species.
While living in and on the host species, the animal parasite has evolved certain adaptations. Describe these adaptations with examples.
A population of Paramoecium caudatum was grown in a culture medium. After 5 days the culture medium became pvercrowded with Paramoecium and had depleted nutrients. What will happen to the population and what type of growth curve will the population attain? Draw the growth curve.
Why do submerged plants receive weaker illumination than exposed floating plants in a lake?
In an association of two animal species, one is a termite which feeds on wood and the other is a protozoan Trichonympha present in the gut of the termite. What type of association they establish?
Observe the set of 4 figures A, B, C and D, and answer the following questions: •
(i) Which one of the figures shows mutualism?
(ii) What kind of association is shown in D?
(iii) Name the organisms and the association in C.
(iv) What role is the insect performing in B?
Give an example for:
(a)An endothermic animal
(b)An ectothermic animal
(c)An organism of benthic zone
Why do high altitude areas have brighter sunlight and lower temperatures as compared to the plains?
Give one example for each of the following:
(i) Eurythermal plant species ………………
(ii) A hot water spring organism ………………
(iii) An organism seen in deep ocean trenches ………………
(iv) An organism seen in compost pit ………………
(v) A parasitic angiosperm ………………
(vi) A stenothermal plant species ………………
(vii) Soil organism ………………
(viii) A benthic animal ………………
(ix) Antifreeze compound seen in antarcticfish ………………
(x) An organism which can conform ………………
