Chemistry

The s-Block Elements

Question:

Find out the oxidation state of sodium in Na2O2.

Answer:

Let x be the oxidation state of Na in Na2O2     2x + 2 (-1) = 0  2x – 2 = 0    2x = 2 x = +1.

previuos
next

The s-Block Elements

Q 1.

Lithium resembles magnesium in some of its properties. Mention two such properties and give reasons for this resemblance.

Q 2.

What is the mixture of CaC2 and N2 called? How is it prepared?

Q 3.

Discuss the trend of the following:
(i) Thermal stability of carbonates of Group 2 elements.
(ii) The solubility and the nature of oxides, of Group 2 elements.

Q 4.

Why does the solution of alkali metals becomes blue in liquid ammonia? Give the chemical equation also.

Q 5.

The alkali metals are low melting. Which of the following alkali metals is expected to melt if the room temperature rises to 30 °C?
(a) Na (b) K (c) Rb (d) Cs

Q 6.

Name the alkaline earth metals whose salt do not impart colour to a non-luminous flame.

Q 7.

Match the elements given in Column I with the properties mentioned in Column II.

Column I Column II
(i) Li (a) Insoluble sulphate
(ii) Na (b) Strongest monoacidic base
(iii) Ca (c) Most negative E ° value among alkali metals
(iv) Ba (d) Insoluble oxalate                                                                         ‘
  (e) 6s2 outer electronic configuration

 

Q 8.

Arrange the following in the increasing order of solubility in water.
 MgCl2, CaCl2, SrCl2, BaCl2

Q 9.

(a) What makes lithium to show properties uncommon to the rest of the alkali metals?
(b) When is a cation highly polarising? Which alkali metal cation has the highest polarising power?

Q 10.

Give the important uses of the following compounds.
(i) NaHCO3 (ii) NaOH

Q 11.

The formula of soda ash is
(a)       NaHCO3.10H2O
(b)Na2C03.2H20
(c) Na2C03.H20
(d) Na2C03    

Q 12.

Identify the correct’ formula of halides of alkaline earth metals from the following.
(a) BaCl2.2H20
(b) BaCl2  .4H20
(c) CaCl2 . 6H20
(d) SrCl2.4H20

Q 13.

Which of the following are the correct reasons for anomalous behaviour of lithium?
(a) Exceptionally small size of its atom.
(b) Its high polarizing power.
(c) It has high degree of hydration.
(d) Exceptionally low ionization enthalpy.

Q 14.

Why are BeS04 and MgS04 readily soluble in water while CaS04, SrS04 and BaS04 are insoluble?

Q 15.

Match the elements given in Column I with the colour they impart to the flame given in Column II.

Column I Column II
(i) Cs (a) Apple green
(ii) Na (b) Violet
(iii) K (c) Brick red
(iv) Ca (d) Yellow
(v) Sr (e) Crimson red
(vi) Ba (f) Blue

 

Q 16.

Why alkali and alkaline earth metals cannot be obtained by chemical reduction method?

Q 17.

Give the chemical formula of Epsom salt.

Q 18.

What do you mean by diagonal relationship in periodic table?

Q 19.

Why do alkali metals give characteristic flame colouration?

Q 20.

Why is LiF almost insoluble in water whereas LiCl soluble not only in water but also in acetone?

Q 21.

The reducing power of a metal depends oh various factors. Suggest the factor which makes Li, the strongest reducing agent in aqueous solution.
(a) Sublimation enthalpy (b) Ionisation enthalpy
(c) Hydration enthalpy (d) Electron-gain enthalpy

Q 22.

Why do beryllium and magnesium not impart colour to the flame in the flame test?

Q 23.

Explain why can alkali and alkaline earth metals not be obtained by chemical reduction method.

Q 24.

Draw the structure of (i) BeCl2 (vapour), (ii) BeCl2 (solid).

Q 25.

Which one of the following alkaline earth metal carbonates is thermally most stable?
(a) MgCO3 (b) CaCO3 (c) SrCO3 (d) BaCO3

Q 26.

Which alkaline earth metals do not impart colour to the flame?

Q 27.

The order of decreasing ionization enthalpy in alkali metals is

(a) Na > Li > K > Rb (b) Rb < Na < K < Li

(c) Li > Na > K > Rb (d) K < Li < Na < Rb

Q 28.

Which one of the following alkali metals give hydrated salts?
(a) Li (b) Na (c) K (d) Cs

Q 29.

Why are alkali metals soft?

Q 30.

Why are alkali metals always univalent? Which alkali metal ion forms largest hydrated ion in aqueous solution?

Q 31.

Why are ionic hydrides of only alkali metals and alkaline earth metals are known? Give two examples.

Q 32.

State as to why
(a) Alkali metals show only +1 oxidation state. (b) Na and K impart colour to the flame but Mg does not.(c) Lithium on being heated in air mainly forms the monoxide and not the peroxide.(d) Li is the best reducing agent in aqueous solution.

Q 33.

The solubility of metal halides depends on their nature, lattice enthalpy and hydration enthalpy of the individual ions. Amongst fluorides of alkali metals, the lowest solubility of LiF in water is due to
(a) ionic nature of lithium fluoride. . .
(b) high lattice enthalpy. ‘
(c) high hydration enthalpy for lithium ion.
(d) low ionization enthalpy of lithium atom.

Q 34.

In the synthesis of sodium carbonate, the recovery of ammonia is done by treating NH4C1 with Ca(OH)2. The by-product obtained in this process is
(a) CaCl2
(b) NaCl  
(c) NaOH
(d) NaHC03

Q 35.

A chemical A is used for the preparation of washing soda to recover ammonia. When C02 is bubbled through an aqueous solution of A, the solution tons milky. It is used in white washing due to disinfectant nature. What is the chemical formula of A?
(a) Ca(C03)2                    
(b) CaO                                      
(c) Ca(OH)2
(d) CaC03

Q 36.

Metallic elements are described by their standard electrode potential, frision enthalpy, atomic size, etc. The alkali metals are characterized by which of the following properties?
(a) High boiling point. ‘
(b) High negative standard electrode potential.
(c) High density.
(d) Large atomic size.

Q 37.

Several sodium compounds find use in industries. Which of the following compounds are used for textile industry?
(a) Na2C03                        
(b) NaHC03                        
(c) NaOH                              
(d) NaCl

Q 38.

Choose the correct statements from the folio-wing.
(a) Beryllium is not readily attacked by acids because of the presence of an oxide film on the surface of the metal.
(b) Beryllium sulphate is readily soluble in water as the greater hydration enthalpy of Be2+ overcomes the lattice enthalpy factor.
(c) Beryllium exhibits coordination number more than four.
(d) Beryllium oxide is purely acidic in nature.

Q 39.

How do you account for the strong reducing power of lithium in aqueous  solution? .

Q 40.

When heated in air, the alkali metals form various oxides. Mention the oxides formed by Li, Na and K.

Q 41.

All compounds of alkali metals are easily soluble in water but lithium compounds are more soluble in organic solvents. Explain.

Q 42.

In what ways lithium shows similarities to magnesium in its chemical behaviour?

Q 43.

Why are potassium and caesium, rather than lithium used in photoelectric cells?

Q 44.

When alkali metal dissolves in liquid ammonia, the solution can acquire different colours. Explain the reason for this type of colour change.

Q 45.

Why are lithium salts commonly hydrated and those of the other alkali metal ions usually anhydrous?

Q 46.

Write balanced equations for reactions between.
(a) Na2O2 and water
(b) KO2 and water
(c) Na2O and CO2

Q 47.

Which of the alkali metal is having least melting point?
(a) Na (b) K (c) Rb (d) Cs

Q 48.

Name the alkali metal which shows diagonal relationship with magnesium?

Q 49.

Name the compounds used for the manufacture of washing soda by Solvay process.

Q 50.

Which electrolyte is used to obtain sodium in Castner’s process?