Biology

Morphology of Flowering Plants

Question:

In swampy areas like the Sunderbans in West Bengal, plants bear special kind of roots called _______

Answer:

In swampy areas like the Sunderbans in West Bengal, plants bear special kind of roots called pneumatophores.

 

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Morphology of Flowering Plants

Q 1.

Reticulate venation is found in dicot leaves while in monocot leaves venation is of parallel type. Biology being a ‘Science of exceptions’, find out any exception to this generalisation.

Q 2.

You have heard about several insectivorous plants that feed on insects. Nepenthes or the pitcher plant is one such example, which usually grows in shallow water or in marsh lands. What part of the plant is modified into a 'pitcher'? How does this modification help the plant for food even though it can photosynthesize like any other green plant?

Q 3.

Reticulate and parallel venation are characteristic of_______and_______

Q 4.

Tendrils are found in the following plants. Identify whether they are stem tendrils or leaf tendrils,
a.Cucumber
b. Peas
c. Pumpkins  
. Grapevine
e. Watermelons

Q 5.

How do you distinguish between hypogeal germination and epigeal germination? What is the role of cotyledon (s) and the endosperm in the germination of seeds?

Q 6.

In aquatic plants like Pistia and Eichhomia, leaves and roots are found near

Q 7.

Mango and coconut are ˜drupe' type of fruits. In mango fleshy mesocarp is edible. What is the edible part of coconut? What does milk of tender coconut represent?

Q 8.

In Opuntia the stem is modified into a flattened green structure to perform the function of leaves (i.e., photosynthesis). Cite some other examples of modifications of plant parts for the purpose of photosynthesis.

Q 9.

Match the followings and choose the correct option.

Group A

Group B

A.

Aleurone layer (i)

Without fertilization

B.

Parthenocarpic fruit (ii)

Nutrition

C.

Ovule (iii)

Double fertilization

D.

Endosperm

(iv)

Seed

Options:

  • A—(i), B—(ii), C—(iii), D—(iv)
  • A—(ii), B—(i), C—(iv), D—(iii)
  • A—(iv), B—(ii), C—(i), D—(iii)
  • A—(ii), B—(iv), C—(i), D—(iii)

Q 10.

Write floral formula for a flower which, is bisexual; actinoiflorphic; sepals five, twisted aestivation, petals five; valvate aestivation; stamens six; ovary tricarpellary, syncarpous, superior, trilocular with axile placentation.

Q 11.

Add the missing floral organs of the given floral formula of Fabaceae. ncrt-exemplar-class-11-biology-solutions-morphology-of-flowering-plants-2 (2)

Q 12.

Mango and coconut are ‘drupe’ type of fruits. In mango fleshy mesocarp is edible. What is the edible part of coconut? What does milk of tender coconut represent?

Q 13.

Give two examples of roots that develop from different parts of the angiospermic plant other than the radicle.

Q 14.

Explain with suitable examples the different types of phyllotaxy.

Q 15.

Describe modifications of stem with suitable examples.

Q 16.

In aquatic plants like Pistia and Eichhornia, leaves and roots are found near_______

Q 17.

Tendrils are found in the following plants. Identify whether they are stem tendrils or leaf tendrils.
(a) Cucumber
(b) Peas
(c) Pumpkins
(d) Grapevine
(e) Watermelons

Q 18.

Stolon, offset and rhizome are different forms of stem modifications. How can these modified forms of stem be distinguished from each other?

Q 19.

The arrangements of ovules within the ovary is known as placentation. What does the term placenta refer to? Name and draw various types of placentations in the flower as seen in T.S. or V.S.

Q 20.

Sunflower is not a flower. Explain.

Q 21.

You have heard about several insectivorous plants that feed on insects. Nepenthes or the pitcher plant is one such example, which usually grows in shallow water or in marsh lands. What part of the plant is modified into a ‘pitcher’? How does this modification help the plant for food even though it can photosynthesise like any other green plant?

Q 22.

The essential functions of roots are anchorage and absorption of water and minerals in the terrestrial plant. What functions are associated with the roots of aquatic plants? How are roots of aquatic plants and terrestrial plants different?

Q 23.

Seeds of some plants germinate immediately after shedding from the plants while in other plants they require a period of rest before germination. The later phenomena is called as dormancy. Give the reasons for seed dormancy and some methods to break it.

Q 24.

The essential functions of roots are anchorage and absorption of water and minerals in the terrestrial plant. What functions are associated with the roots of aquatic plants. How are roots of aquatic plants and terrestrial plants different?

Q 25.

Describe various stem modifications associated with food storage, climbing and protection.

Q 26.

Stolon, offset and rhizome are different forms of stem modifications. How can these modified forms of stem be distinguished from each other?

Q 27.

What is a flower? Describe the parts of a typical angiosperm flower.

Q 28.

Roots obtain oxygen from air in the soil for respiration. In the absence or deficiency of 02, root growth is restricted or com pletely stopped. How do the plants growing in marshlands or swamps obtain their 02 required for root respiration?

Q 29.

Write floral formula for a flower which, is bisexual; actinomorphic; sepals five, twisted aestivation, petals five; valvate aestivation; stamens six; ovary tricarpellary, syncarpous, superior, trilocular with axile placentation.

Q 30.

How can you differentiate between free central and axile placentation?

Q 31.

Roots obtain oxygen from air in the soil for respiration. In the absence or deficiency of 02, root growth is restricted or completely stopped. How do the plants growing in marshlands or swamps obtain their 02 required for root respiration?

Q 32.

In swampy areas like the Sunderbans in West Bengal, plants bear special kind of roots called __________ .

Q 33.

Reticulate and parallel venation are characteristic of ________ and ______ respectively.

Q 34.

Given below are a few floral formulae of some well known plants. Draw floral diagrams from these formulae.

Q 35.

The mode of arrangements of sepals or petals in a floral bud is known as aestivation. Draw the various types of aestivation possible for a typical pentamerous flower.

Q 36.

Seeds of some plants germinate immediately after shedding from the plants while in other plants they require a period of rest before germination. The later phenomena is called as dormancy. Give the reasons for seed dormancy and some methods to break it.

Q 37.

Rearrange the following zones as seen in the root in vertical section and choose the correct option.
A. Root hair zone
B. Zone of meristems
C. Rootcapzone
D. Zone of maturation
E. Zone of elongation
(a) C, B, E, A, D (b) A,B,C,D,E
(c) D, E, A, C, B (d) E, D, C, B, A

Q 38.

Give two examples of roots that develop from . different parts of the angiospermic plant other than the radicle.

Q 39.

Given below are a few floral formulae of some well known plants. Draw floral diagrams from these formula.
ncrt-exemplar-class-11-biology-solutions-morphology-of-flowering-plants-27

Q 40.

Sunflower is not a flower. Explain.

Q 41.

Justify the following statements on the basis of external features:
(i) Underground parts of a plant are not always roots.
(ii) Flower is a modified shoot.

Q 42.

Write the floral formula of an actinomorphic, bisexual, hypogynous flower with five united sepals, five free petals, five free stamens and two united carples with superior ovary and axile placentation.

Q 43.

In epigynous flower, ovary is situated below the _________.

Q 44.

Describe the arrangement of floral members in relation to their insertion on thalamus.

Q 45.

In Opuntia the stem is modified into a flattened green structure to perform the function of leaves (/’.e., photosynthesis). Cite some other examples of modifications of plant parts for the purpose of photosynthesis.

Q 46.

Which parts in ginger and onion are edible?

Q 47.

In epigynous flower, ovary is situated below the _______

Q 48.

Why is maize grain usually called as a fruit and not a seed?

Q 49.

Tendrils of grapevines are homologous to the tendril of pumpkins but are analogous to that of pea. Justify the above statement.

Q 50.

Sunflower is not a flower. Explain.