Differentiate between:
a. Open and closed circulatory system .
b. Oviparity and viviparity
c. Direct and indirect development
d. Aceolomate and pseudocoelomate
e. Notochord and nerve cord
f. Polyp and medusa
a. The circulatory system may be of two types:
1. Open type in which the blood is pumped out of the heart and the cells and tissues are directly bathed in it. E.g.: Arthropoda, Mollusca and Hemichordata.
2. Closed type in which the blood is circulated through a series of vessels of varying diameters (arteries, veins and capillaries). E.g.: Annelida and Chordata.
b. Oviparous animals give birth to an egg while viviparous animals are those that give birth to the live young ones.
c. Direct development: It is a type of development in which an embryo develops into a mature individual without involving a larval stage. Indirect development: It is a type of development that involves a sexually-immature larval stage.
d. Acoelomate: The animals in which the body cavity is absent are •called acoelomates, e.g.: Porifers, Coelentrates, Ctenophores and Platyhelminthes. ,
Pseudocoelomate: In some animals, the body cavity is not lined by mesoderm, instead, the mesoderm is present as scattered pouches in between the ectodenp and endoderm. E.g., aschelminthes
e. Notochord is a mesodermally derived rod-like-structure formed on the
dorsal side during embryonic development in some animals and it is the part of skeletal system. .
Nerve cord is the part of nervous system.
f. The polyp is a sessile and cylindrical fonn like Hydra, Adamsia, etc., whereas, the medusa is umbrella-shaped and free-swimming like Aurelia or jelly fish.
Sort out the animals on the basis of their symmetry (radial or bilateral) coelenterates, ctenophores, annelids, arthropods, and echinoderms.
Give one example each for an animal possessing placoid scales and that with cycloid scales.
Write one example each of the following in the space provided.
(a) Cold blooded animal_______
(b) Warm blooded animal_______
(c) Animal possessing dry and cornified skin_______
(d) Dioecious animal_______
There has been an increase in the number of chambers in heart during evolution of vertebrates. Give the names of the class of vertebrates having two, three or four-chambered heart.
There has been an increase in the number of chambers in heart during evolution of vertebrates. Give the names of the class of vertebrates having two, three or four-cham-bered heart.
Match the following.
Animals Locomotory Organ
(a) Octopus (i) Limbs
(b) Crocodile (ii) Comb plates
(c) Catla (iii) Tentacles
(d) Ctenoplana (iv) Fins
Match the following list of animals with their level of organization.
| Division of Labour | Animal | ||
| A. | Organ level | (i) | Pheretima |
| B. | Cellular aggregate level | (ii) | Fasciola |
| C. | Tissue level | (iii) | Spongilla |
| D. | Organ system level | (iv) | Obelia |
Choose the correct match showing division of labour with animal example.
Identify the phylum in which adults exhibit radial symmetry and larva exhibit bilateral symmetry.
Match the following and write correct choice in space provided.
| Animal | Characteristics | ||
| a. | Pila | (i) | Jointed appendages |
| b. | Cockroach | (ii) | Perching |
| c. | Asterias | . (iii) | Water vascular system |
| d. | Torpedo | (iv) | Electric organ |
| e. | Parrot | (v) | Presence of shell |
| f. | Dog fish | (vi) | Placoid scales |
Endoparasites are found inside the host body. Mention the special structure, possessed by these and which enables them to survive in those conditions.
Name
(a) A limbless animal
(b) A cold blooded animal
(c) A warm blooded animal
(d) An animal possessing dry and cornified skin
(e) An animal having canal system and spicules
(f) An animal with cnidoblasts
Match the following and write correct choice in space provided
Animal Characteristics
(a) Pila (i) Jointed appendages
(b) Cockroach (ii) Perching
(c) Asterias (iii) Water vascular system
(d) Torpedo (iv) Electric organ
(e) Parrot (v) Presence of shell
(f) Dogfish (vi) Placoidscales
(a)______, (b)______, (c)______, (d)______,
(e)______, (f)______
Could the number of eggs or young ones produced by an oviparous and viviparous mother be equal? Why?
Endoparasites are found inside the host body. Mention the special structure, possessed by these and which enables them to survive in those conditions.
Fill up the blank spaces appropriately.
|
Phylum/ Class |
Excretory Organ |
Circulatory Organ |
Respiratory Organ |
| Arthropoda | A | B . | Lungs/Gills/ Tracheal System |
| C | Nephridia | Closed | Skin/Parapodia |
| D | Metanephridia | Open | E |
| Amphibia | F | Closed | Lung |
All vertebrates are chordates but all chordates are not vertebrates”. Justify the statement.
Name
a. A limbless animal ‘
b. A cold blooded animal
c. A warm blooded animal
d. An animal possessing dry and comified skin
e. An animal having canal system and spicules
f. An animal with cnidoblasts
Excretory organs of different animals are given below. Choose correctly and write in the space provided.
| Animal | Excetory Organ/Unit | ||
| a. | Balanoglossus | (i) | Metanephridia |
| b. | Leech | (ii) | Nephridia |
| c. | Locust | (iii) | Flame cells |
| d. | Liver fluke | (iv) | Absent |
| e. | Sea urchin | (v) | Malpighian tubule |
| f. | Pila | (vi) | Proboscis gland |
Provide appropriate technical term in the space provided.
(a) Blood-filled cavity in arthropods_______
(b) Free-floating form of cnidaria_______
(c) Stinging organ of jelly fishes_______
(d) Lateral appendages in aquatic annelids_______
How useful is the study of the nature of body cavity and coelom in the classification of animals?
Mention two similarities between
(a) Aves and mammals
(b) A frog and crocodile
(c) A turtle and Pila
Mention one example each for animals with chitinous exoskeleton and those covered by a calcareous shell.
Sort out the animals on the basis of their symmetry (radial or bilateral) coelenterates, ctenophores, annelids, arthropods, and echinoderms.
Name the animal, which exhibits the phenomenon of bioluminescence. Mention the phylum to which it belongs.
Give an example for the following:
a. Roundworm
b. Fish possessing poison sting
c. A limbless reptile/amphibian .
d. An oviparous mammal
Differentiate between:
a. Open and closed circulatory system .
b. Oviparity and viviparity
c. Direct and indirect development
d. Aceolomate and pseudocoelomate
e. Notochord and nerve cord
f. Polyp and medusa
Match the following
(a) Amphibia (i) Air bladder
(b) Mammals (ii) Cartilaginous notochord
(c) Chondrichthyes (iii) Mammary glands
(d) Osteichthyes (iv) Pneumatic bones
(e) Cyclostomata (v) Dual habitat
(f) Aves (vi) Sucking and circular mouth without jaws.
Write one example each of the following in the space provided.
a. Cold blooded animal
b. Warm blooded animal
c. Animal possessing dry and comified skin
d. Dioecious animal
What are the reasons that you can think of for the arthropods to constitute the largest group of the animal kingdom?
Match the following:
| a. | Amphibia | (i) | Air bladder |
| b. | Mammals | (ii) | Cartilagenous notochord |
| c. | Chondrichthyes | (hi) | Mammary glands |
| d. | Osteichthyes | (iv) | Pneumatic bones |
| e. | Cyclostomata | (v) | Dual habitat |
| f. | Aves | (vi) | Sucking and circular mouth without jaws |
Give three major differences between chordates and non-chordates and draw a schematic sketch of a chordate showing those features.
Comment upon the habitats and external features of animals belonging to class, amphibia and reptilia.
Identify the phylum in which adults exhibit radial symmetry and larva exhibit bilateral symmetry.
Give the characteristic features of the following citing one example of each:
a. Chondrichthyes and osteichthyes
b. Urochordata and cephalochordata
