Give reasons for the following:
a) Woodblock print only came to Europe after 1295.
b) Martin Luther was in favour of print and spoke out in praise of it.
c) The Roman Catholic Church began keeping an Index of Prohibited books from the mid-sixteenth century.
d) Gandhi said the fight for Swaraj is a fight for liberty of speech, liberty of the press, and freedom of association.
a) In 1295, the Italian explorer Marco Polo returned from his exploration in China. In China wooden block printing was popular at that time. He brought this technique with him, when he retuned to Europe.
b) Martin Luther expressed his ideas through print. His publication, ‘Ninety Five Theses' challenged the orthodox practises of the Roman Catholic church. His publication was posted on a church door and this brought about many debates. This eventually led to the Reformation.
He translated the New Testament, and 5000 copies were sold in a short time. Hence Martin Luther was in favour of print and spoke out in praise of it
c) The Roman Catholic Church faced a lot of dissent from the mid 16th century. People started writing about God and His creations in different ways. The Church banned books which did not follow its ideals. So, the Church felt it necessary to keep a record of the banned books. This record was called the ‘Index of prohibited books'.
d) Liberty of speech, liberty of the press, and freedom of association were 3 important factors that were necessary to cultivate public opinion according to Gandhi. He said that the fight for ‘swaraj' was the fight for Liberty of speech, liberty of the press, and freedom of association.
Explain the main features of the first printed Bible. [CBSE Sept. 2010]
Or
Describe any three main features of the first printed Bible. [CBSE 2014]
Who said "Printing is the ultimate gift of God and the greatest one ? ] [CBSE 2010. 11, 12]
Why did some people in the eighteenth century Europe think that print culture would bring enlightenment and end despotism ? [CBSE Sept. 2010, 2011]
Or
Assess the impact of print revolution on the European society. [CBSE 2013]
Name an Act which was passed by the British government to keep a regular track of the vernacular newspapers.
’Liberty of speech … liberty of the press … freedom of association. The government of India is now seeking to crush the three powerful vehicles of expressing and cultivating public opinion, the fight for swaraj, for Khilafat … means a fight for this threatened freedom before all else….’
Who said these words ?
Write short notes to show what you know about:
a) The Gutenberg Press
b) Erasmus's idea of the printed book
c) The Vernacular Press Act
c) The Vernacular Press Act
Why did some people in eighteenth century Europe think that print culture would bring enlightenment and end despotism?
What were the features of the new books which were produced in Europe after the invention of the Gutenberg's press ? [CBSE Sept. 2010]
Write about the different innovations in the printing technology during the 19th century ? [CBSE Sept. 2010]
Name any four languages in which Indian manuscript was prepared before the age of print.
Give reasons for the following :
(a) Martin Luther was in favour of print, and spoke out in praise of it.
(b) The Roman Catholic Church began keeping an Index of Prohibited books from the mid-sixteenth century.
(c) Gandhi said the fight for Swaraj is a fight for the liberty of speech, liberty of the press and freedom of association.
Study the given paragraph and answer the following questions that follow :
Liberty of speech…. liberty of the press freedom of association. The government of India is now seeking to crush the three powerful vehicles of expressing and cultivating public opinion. The fight for Swaraj, for Khilafat …. means a fight for this threatened freedom before all else ….'
(i) Who said these words ?
(ii) Name the freedoms he is talking about.
How did China remain a major producer of printed materials for a long time ? [CBSE 2013]
Or
"The imperial state in China, was the major producer of printed material.” Support this statement with examples. [CBSE 2013. 2012. 2014]
The shift from handprinting to mechanical printing led to the print revolution.’ Explain.
"Oral culture and print culture were complimentary to each other”. Justify the statement with any three suitable arguments. [CBSE 2013]
Not everyone welcomed the printed books, and those who did also had fears about it.' Explain by giving examples.