History

Print Culture and the Modern World

Question:

Give reasons for the following:
a) Woodblock print only came to Europe after 1295.
b) Martin Luther was in favour of print and spoke out in praise of it.
c) The Roman Catholic Church began keeping an Index of Prohibited books from the mid-sixteenth century.
d) Gandhi said the fight for Swaraj is a fight for liberty of speech, liberty of the press, and freedom of association.

Answer:

a) In 1295, the Italian explorer Marco Polo returned from his exploration in China. In China wooden block printing was popular at that time. He brought this technique with him, when he retuned to Europe.
b) Martin Luther expressed his ideas through print. His publication, ‘Ninety Five Theses' challenged the orthodox practises of the Roman Catholic church. His publication was posted on a church door and this brought about many debates. This eventually led to the Reformation.
He translated the New Testament, and 5000 copies were sold in a short time. Hence Martin Luther was in favour of print and spoke out in praise of it
c) The Roman Catholic Church faced a lot of dissent from the mid 16th century. People started writing about God and His creations in different ways. The Church banned books which did not follow its ideals. So, the Church felt it necessary to keep a record of the banned books. This record was called the ‘Index of prohibited books'.
d) Liberty of speech, liberty of the press, and freedom of association were 3 important factors that were necessary to cultivate public opinion according to Gandhi. He said that the fight for ‘swaraj' was the fight for Liberty of speech, liberty of the press, and freedom of association.

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Print Culture and the Modern World

Q 1.

Who developed the first printing press ?

Q 2.

What medium was used for writing ancient Indian scriptures?

Q 3.

Name an Act which was passed by the British government to keep a regular track of the vernacular newspapers.

Q 4.

Who invented power driven cylindrical press ? What were its advantages ?

Q 5.

Who brought out the first Indian newspaper published in English?

Q 6.

What was the role of cartoons and caricatures in the French Revolution ?

Q 7.

What was the theme of the book Gulamgiri ?

Q 8.

Who was Marco Polo?

Q 9.

Who was Martin Luther ?

Q 10.

What was the basic objective of Ninety Five Theses ?

Q 11.

Why were the printed books popular even among illiterate people ? [CBSE Sept. 2010, 2012]

Q 12.

Why did the woodblock method become popular in Europe ? [CBSE 2015]
Or
What were the drawbacks of the handwritten manuscripts ?
Or
Mention the shortcomings of manuscripts. [CBSE Sept. 2011, 2012, 2014]

Q 13.

What were Biliotheque Blue ?

Q 14.

What did the spread of print culture in the nineteenth century India mean to :
Reformers

Q 15.

What were the effects of the spread of print culture for poor people in nineteenth century India?

Q 16.

Explain how print culture assisted the growth of nationalism in India.

Q 17.

How did China remain a major producer of printed materials for a long time ? [CBSE 2013]
Or
"The imperial state in China, was the major producer of printed material.” Support this statement with examples.  [CBSE 2013. 2012. 2014]

Q 18.

What is calligraphy?

Q 19.

Not everyone welcomed the printed books, and those who did also had fears about it.' Explain by giving examples.

Q 20.

Describe the issue of caste as taken by the novelists in India. [CBSE 2013]

Q 21.

What is calligraphy ?

Q 22.

What were ballads ? (CBSE 2014)

Q 23.

Who said "Printing is the ultimate gift of God and the greatest one ? ] [CBSE 2010. 11, 12]

Q 24.

Name two scholars whose writings inspired French people.

Q 25.

Why did Governor General Warren Hastings persecute Hickey ?

Q 26.

Who wrote Gulamgiri ? (CBSE 2014)

Q 27.

Write about the different innovations in the printing technology during the 19th century ? [CBSE Sept. 2010]

Q 28.

Explain how the print culture assisted the growth of nationalism in India. [CBSE Sept. 2010, 2011]

Q 29.

Mention any four social values which print culture promoted.

Q 30.

The printing press is the most powerful engine of progress and public opinion and a force that will sweep despotism away.'

Q 31.

By the 17th century, as urban culture Ans. bloomed in China, the uses of print diversified.’ Explain by giving examples.  [CBSE Sept. 2010]
Or
How did a new reading culture bloom in China ? Explain.

Q 32.

Explain the main features of the first printed Bible. [CBSE Sept. 2010]
Or
Describe any three main features of the first printed Bible. [CBSE 2014]

Q 33.

How did the urban population use the print media?

Q 34.

How did the print revolution influence the reading habit of the people of Europe?

Q 35.

Write a brief note on Martin Luther.

Q 36.

Name the countries where the earliest kind of print technology was developed.

Q 37.

What was print revolution ?

Q 38.

What is manuscript ?

Q 39.

When did the first printing press come to India?

Q 40.

What was Vernacular Press Act ? (CBSE 2014)

Q 41.

Why did some people in the eighteenth century Europe think that print culture would bring enlightenment and end despotism ? [CBSE Sept. 2010, 2011]
Or
Assess the impact of print revolution on the European society. [CBSE 2013]

Q 42.

What restrictions were imposed by the Vernacular Press Act on the Indian Press ? Explain. [CBSE-2011]
Or
In what ways the Vernacular Press Act of 1878 was a repressive step by the Government ? Explain. [CBSE-2011]

Q 43.

Write short notes to show what you know about:
a) The Gutenberg Press
b) Erasmus's idea of the printed book
c) The Vernacular Press Act
c) The Vernacular Press Act

Q 44.

Why did some people in eighteenth century Europe think that print culture would bring enlightenment and end despotism?

Q 45.

How were earlier books printed (before 15th century) ? Explain.

Q 46.

Who was Marco Polo ? What was his contribution to print culture ? [CBSE 2013]

Q 47.

Explain the steps which were taken by the British government or the colonial government to control the freedom of press.

Q 48.

How was sale of books promoted in small towns?

Q 49.

"Oral culture and print culture were complimentary to each other”. Justify the statement with any three suitable arguments. [CBSE 2013]

Q 50.

How did the oral culture enter print and how was the printed material transmitted orally ? Explain with suitable examples.  [CBSE 2008 (F), Sept. 2012]
Or
How did the printers manage to attract the people, largely illiterate, towards, printed books ? [CBSE Sept. 2012]