Question:
What are the immunisation programmes available at the nearest health centre in your locality? Which of these diseases are the major health problems in your area?
Answer:
At the nearest health centre various immunisation programmes are available, such as:
- Polio eradication programme
- Hepatitis vaccination programme
- Tuberculosis prevention programme
To mothers immunisation schedule is given for their newborns:
Recommended Immunisation Schedule | S.No. | Age | Disease | Vaccination |
|---|
| 1 | At Birth | Hepatitis B | Hep B Vaccine I |
| 2 | At Birth | Polio | Oral PV 0 dose |
| 3 | Birth to 6 wk | Tuberculosis | BCG |
| 4 | 4 6 weeks | Hepatitis B | Hep B Vaccine II |
| 5 | 6 weeks | Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus, Polio | DPT-1, OPV-1 |
| 6 | 10 weeks | Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus, Polio, Hepatitis B | DPT-2, OPV-2, HEP B Vaccine III |
| 7 | 14 weeks | Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus, Polio | DPT-3, OPV-3, HEP B Vaccine IV |
| 8 | 24 weeks | Hepatitis B | HEP B Vaccine III |
| 9 | 9- 12 months | Polio Measles | OPV-4, Measles |
| 10 | 15 - 18 months | Mumps, Measles, Rubella | MMR |
| 11 | 18 months | Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus, Polio | DPT BOOSTER-1 OPV-5 |
| 12 | 24 months | Typhoid | Typhoid |
| 12 | 4 - 5 years | Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus, Polio | DPT BOOSTER-2 OPV-6 |
Why Do We Fall Ill?
Q 1.
What do you mean by immune response ? , [SAII – 2014]
Q 2.
Name the pathogen causes peptic ulcer.
Q 3.
What is immunisation?
Q 4.
What is the purpose of vaccination ?
Q 5.
Name the protozoan pathogen that causes kala-azar.
Q 6.
Why is it not necessary to give Hepatitis A vaccine to children?
Q 7.
(i) Which bacterium causes peptic ulcers ?
(ii) Who discovered the above pathogen for the first time ?
Q 8.
Differentiate between acute diseases and chronic diseases.
Q 9.
(i) Why a person suffering from AIDS cannot fight even small infections ?
(ii) In a slum area, many people are suffering from malaria. Mention any two unhygienic conditions that must be prevailing in that locality.
(iii) Why female Anopheles mosquito feeds on human blood ? [SAII – 2014]
Q 10.
What is a disease ? How many types of diseases have you studied ? Give examples.
Q 11.
List any three reasons why you would think that you are sick and ought to see a doctor. If only one of these symptoms were present, would you still go to the doctor? Why or why not?
Q 12.
Name a disease which was earlier considered to be chronic but now can be treated in short duration?
Q 13.
What are Koch's Postulates?
Q 14.
Name the vector that can cause sleeping sickness.
Q 15.
A doctor/nurse/health-worker is exposed to more sick people than others in the community. Find out how she/he avoids getting sick herself/himself.
Q 17.
Why it is advisable to breast feed the baby for first few several weeks?
Q 18.
What precautions can you take in your school to reduce the incidence of infectious diseases ?
Q 19.
Why is immune system essential for our health ?
Q 20.
Define Health? What do you interpret when we say a person is in good health?
Q 21.
What are acquired diseases?
Q 22.
List the diseases caused by viruses?
Q 23.
List the diseases caused by worms?
Q 24.
What is the scientific name of roundworm? Where do we find it commonly in the human body? Name the disease caused by it.
Q 25.
Name any two groups of microorganisms from which antibiotics could be extracted.
Q 26.
The signs and symptoms of a disease will depend on the tissue or organ which the microbe targets Justify the statement with two examples. [SAll – 2014]
Q 27.
(i) What are the various ways to prevent the diseases ?
(ii) What is immunisation ?
Q 28.
Conduct a survey in your neighbourhood to find out what the three most common diseases are. Suggest three steps that could be taken by your local authorities to bring down the incidence of these diseases.
Q 29.
Name the target organs for the following diseases :
(a) Hepatitis targets…………
(b) Fits or unconsciousness targets…………
(c) Pneumonia targets…………
(d) Fungal disease targets…………
Q 30.
What precautions will you take to justify “prevention is better than cure” ?
Q 31.
Explain giving reasons :
(a) Balanced diet is necessary for maintaining healthy body.
(b) Health of an organism depends upon the surrounding environmental conditions.
(c) Our surrounding area should be free of stagnant water.
(d) Social harmony and good economic conditions are necessary for good health.
Q 32.
Becoming exposed to or infected with an infectious microbe (toes not necessarily mean developing noticeable disease. Explain.
Q 33.
Why do some children fall ill more frequently than others living in the same locality ?
Q 34.
Why does intake of penicillin not affect human cells ? [SAll – 2014]
Q 35.
You have suffered from chickenpox, when you were in class three. Why will you not suffer from it again ? [SAII -2014]
Q 36.
Give four examples of Chronic diseases.
Q 37.
Write few common signs and symptoms of a disease if a brain is affected.
Q 38.
List any two differences between infectious and non-infectious diseases. Write any one example of each disease.
Q 39.
Give three examples of bacterial diseases.
Q 40.
Give examples of fungal diseases.
Q 41.
Name the microbe which causes acne.
Q 42.
How do antibiotics (say Penicillin) work on bacteria but not on human beings?
Q 43.
What is colostrum? Why is mother's milk strongly advised to newborns?
Q 44.
What are the basic principles involved in medical treatment for diseases?
Q 45.
Why do people staying in air-conditioned homes/offices catch cold more often?
Q 46.
Differentiate between allergy and autoimmune diseases.
Q 47.
Why are we advised to take blend and nourishing food when we are sick ?
Q 48.
Majority of children in many parts of India are already immune to Hepatitis A by the time they are five years old. Why ?
Q 49.
Name any two diseases which are caused due to unprotected sexual intercourse.
Q 50.
Give two examples for each of the following :
(a) Acute diseases
(b) Chronic diseases
(c) Infectious diseases
(d) Non-infectious diseases.
