Question:
Why making anti-viral medicines is harder than making anti-bacterial medicines ?
Answer:
Antibiotics block the bacterial processes that build the cell wall. As a result, the growing bacteria become unable to make cell walls and die easily. However, viruses have few biochemical mechanism of their own and these instead use products of the host body. Hence, these remain unaffected by antibiotics.
Why Do We Fall Ill?
Q 1.
What do you mean by immune response ? , [SAII – 2014]
Q 2.
Name the pathogen causes peptic ulcer.
Q 3.
(i) What are the various ways to prevent the diseases ?
(ii) What is immunisation ?
Q 4.
Why do some children fall ill more frequently than others living in the same locality ?
Q 5.
What are the different means by which infectious diseases are spread?
Q 6.
Name the vector that can cause sleeping sickness.
Q 7.
Name the protozoan pathogen that causes kala-azar.
Q 9.
Write three differences between Personal Health and Community Health.
Q 10.
In which of the following case do you think the long-term effects on your health are likely to be most unpleasant ?
- if you get jaundice ?
- if you get lice ?
- if you get acne. Why ?
Q 11.
“On exposure with an infectious microbe does not necessarily mean developing noticeable disease”. Do you agree ? Explain with reason. If yes, how severe infections occur in our body ?
Q 12.
Are the answers to the above questions (Q2 and Q5) and necessarily the same or different? Why?
Q 13.
What are infectious agents? What are the different infectious agents?
Q 14.
Define antibiotic? Explain how it is able to control bacterial infections but not viral infections.
Q 15.
A doctor/nurse/health-worker is exposed to more sick people than others in the community. Find out how she/he avoids getting sick herself/himself.
Q 16.
What is immunisation?
Q 17.
Name any two groups of microorganisms from which antibiotics could be extracted.
Q 18.
Many vaccines form the public health programme of childhood immunisation for preventing infectious disease. Name any two such diseases.
Q 19.
Give two examples for each of the following :
(a) Acute diseases
(b) Chronic diseases
(c) Infectious diseases
(d) Non-infectious diseases.
Q 20.
Give four modes of transmission of AIDS.
Q 21.
Under which of the following conditions are you most likely to fall sick ?
(a) when you are taking examinations.
(b) when you have travelled by bus and train for two days.
(c) when your friend is suffering from measles. Why ?
Q 22.
(i) Why a person suffering from AIDS cannot fight even small infections ?
(ii) In a slum area, many people are suffering from malaria. Mention any two unhygienic conditions that must be prevailing in that locality.
(iii) Why female Anopheles mosquito feeds on human blood ? [SAII – 2014]
Q 23.
(a) What is immunisation ?
(b) Define immunity and vaccination.
(c) Define vaccine. .
(d) What type of diseases can be prevented through vaccination ? [SAII -2013]
Q 24.
Name the target organs for the following diseases :
(a) Hepatitis targets…………
(b) Fits or unconsciousness targets…………
(c) Pneumonia targets…………
(d) Fungal disease targets…………
Q 25.
Becoming exposed to or infected with an infectious microbe (toes not necessarily mean developing noticeable disease. Explain.
Q 26.
Why does intake of penicillin not affect human cells ? [SAll – 2014]
Q 27.
State giving reasons whether the following statements are correct or not:
- Our surrounding area should be free from stagnant water.
- Staying clean is not necessary as long as you eat a balanced diet.
- Social equality and harmony are necessary for good health.
Q 28.
What is a balanced diet?
Q 29.
(i) How do you define 'disease'? (ii) State and explain in brief the four major factors, which are the causes of disease.
Q 30.
What is '
germ theory of disease'? Who proposed it?
Q 31.
Give three examples of bacterial diseases.
Q 32.
Why are we normally advised to take bland and nourishing food when we are sick?
Q 33.
Name the diseases that can spread through housefly.
Q 34.
What are antibodies?
Q 35.
What are the immunisation programmes available at the nearest health centre in your locality? Which of these diseases are the major health problems in your area?
Q 36.
Differentiate between allergy and autoimmune diseases.
Q 37.
Majority of children in many parts of India are already immune to Hepatitis A by the time they are five years old. Why ?
Q 38.
Name any two diseases which are caused due to unprotected sexual intercourse.
Q 39.
(i) Which bacterium causes peptic ulcers ?
(ii) Who discovered the above pathogen for the first time ?
Q 40.
List any four essential factors that must be taken icare of by an individual for keeping good health.
Q 41.
How can we prevent water borne and vector borne infections ?
Q 42.
State two principles of treatment of a disease.
Q 43.
What precautions can you take in your school to reduce the incidence of infectious diseases ?
Q 44.
Conduct a survey in your neighbourhood to find out what the three most common diseases are. Suggest three steps that could be taken by your local authorities to bring down the incidence of these diseases.
Q 45.
Give any four factors necessary for a healthy person.
Q 46.
Why are antibiotics not effective for viral disease ?
Q 47.
A hefty boy of 12 years often picks fights with others. Do you think he is in good health? If so, then explain your answer.
Q 48.
Is there any difference between 'being healthy' and 'disease free'?
Q 49.
How do we identify a disease?
Q 50.
Differentiate between Acute Diseases and Chronic Diseases.
