How did the tribal people earn their livelihood? [V. Imp.]
The main occupation of the tribal people was agriculture. But there were also hunter-gatherers or herders. Most often they combined these activities to make full use of the natural resources of the area in which they lived. Some tribes were nomadic moving from one place to another.
A tribal group controlled land and pastures jointly, and divided these amongst household as per its own rules.
Fill in the blanks:
(a) The new castes emerging within vamas were called……………………
(b) ……… were historical works written by the Ahoms.
(c) The…….. mentions that Garha Katanga had 70,000 villages.
(d) As tribal stales became bigger and stronger they gave land grants to………….. ..
What kinds of exchanges took place between nomadic pastoralists and settled agriculturists?
Which tribe was very influential in Punjab during the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries?
Find out about present-day government policies towards tribal populations and organise a discussion about these.
Match the following:
garh – khel
tanda – chaurasi
labourer – caravan
clan – Garha Katanga
Sib Singh – Ahom State
Durgawati – paik
State whether true or false:
(a) Tribal societies had rich oral traditions.
(b) There were no tribal communities in the north-western part of the subcontinent.
(c) The Chaurasi in Gond states contained several cities.
(d) The Bhils lived in the north-eastern part of the sub-continent.
Give a brief account of the tribal people found in different parts of the subcontinent [V. Imp.]
In what ways was the history of the Gonds different from that of the Ahoms? Were there any similarities?
Plot the location of the tribes mentioned in this chapter on a map. For any two, discuss whether their mode of livelihood was suited to the geography and the environment of the area where they lived.