Geography

Globe: Latitudes and Longitudes

Question:

Answer the following questions briefly:
(a) What is the true shape of the earth?
(b) What is a globe?
(c) What is the latitudinal value of the Tropic of Cancer?
(d) What are the three heat zones of the Earth?
(e) What are parallels of latitude and meridians of longitude?
(f) Why does the Torrid Zone receive maximum amount of heat?
(g) Why is it 5.30 p.m in India when it is 12.00 noon in London?

Answer:

(a) The true shape of the earth is a sphere flattened at the poles. Such a shape is called a geoid.
(b) A globe is an exact miniature model of the earth. It shows the earth in its actual shape, with all continents, oceans, etc marked at their proper places.
(c ) The latitudinal value of the Tropic of Cancer is 23  1/2 ° N.
(d) The heat zones of the Earth are: the Torrid Zone, the Temperate Zones and the Frigid Zones.
(e)  Parallels of latitudes. All of the imaginary circles parallel to the Equator are called parallels of latitudes. These circles have varying centres and all these central points lie on the same line: the axis of the earth.
Meridians of longitudes. All of the imaginary circles perpendicular to the Equator are called meridians of longitudes. These circles have the same centre, which is also the centre of the earth.
(f) The mid-day sun directly faces the area between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn. So the heat received is maximum at these latitudes. These latitudes fall under the Torrid Zone.
(g) India and the United Kingdom lie on different longitudes. Each degree of longitudes corresponds to a difference of four minutes. This is because the earth rotates 360 ° in 24 hours, 1 ° in 4 minutes. The standard meridian of India is 82 ° 30′ E, and that of London is 0 °. This means a difference of 4 minutes x 82.5 = 330 minutes = 5.5 hours. So when it is 12 noon in London, it is 5.30 p.m. in India.

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Globe: Latitudes and Longitudes

Q 1.

What are the advantages of the globe? [V. Imp.]

Q 2.

Define latitude.

Q 3.

What are the two types of lines needed to locate any point on the earth's surface? [V. Imp.]

Q 4.

A particular city lies in the time zone-2. What does this mean?

Q 5.

Which place is used as a standard for time all over the world?

Q 6.

Which heat zone does the equator lie in?

Q 7.

Define longitude.

Q 8.

A cricket match begins at 10.30 am on January 10 in New Zealand (time zone of +12). TeU. the time in Greenwich when it is shown live on TV there.

Q 9.

What is the globe?

Q 10.

Fill in the blanks.
(a) The Tropic of Capricorn is located at…………………..
(b) The Standard Meridian of India is…………………..
(c) The 0 ° Meridian is also known as…………………..
(d) The distance between the longitudes decreases towards ……………………….
(e) The Arctic Circle is located in the……………….

Q 11.

Write a short note on Heat Zones. [Imp.]

Q 12.

Why do we have the concept of time zone? [V. Imp.]

Q 13.

What does the time 12 noon’ signify at any place?

Q 14.

Answer the following questions briefly:
(a) What is the true shape of the earth?
(b) What is a globe?
(c) What is the latitudinal value of the Tropic of Cancer?
(d) What are the three heat zones of the Earth?
(e) What are parallels of latitude and meridians of longitude?
(f) Why does the Torrid Zone receive maximum amount of heat?
(g) Why is it 5.30 p.m in India when it is 12.00 noon in London?

Q 15.

State whether these sentences are true IT) or false (F).
(i) The axis of the earth is not actually tilted as depicted in a globe.
(ii)  The equator is the 0 degree latitude.
(iii)  The Prime Meridian is the 180 degree longitude.
(iv) More than half of India lies in the Frigid Zone.
(v) The Tropic of Capricorn does not pass through India.
(vi) The two Temperate Zones maintain a moderate climate.
(vii) The time at a place in the east of Greenwich is ahead of that in Greenwich,
(viii) The earth rotates from west to east.
(ix) The standard longitude for Indian time is the 64 ° longitude.

Q 16.

How do latitudes and longitudes help in locating a point? Why is only one of them  insufficient in doing this?[V. Imp.]

Q 17.

Fill in the blanks with appropriate words given to complete each sentence:
(i) Russia extends over………………… time zones.
(ii)As we move away from the equator, the size of the latitudes ……………………………
(iii)The poles fall in the……………..
(iv)       To locate a point, we need to know its latitude, as well as……………………………
(v) The British Royal Observatory is located in ………………………..  UK.
(vi) A hemisphere is one ……………..  of a sphere.
(vii) Latitudes and longitudes form a………………………
(viii) All places lying on the same …………………  have the same time.
(ix) When it is 7.30 pm on August 16 in Greenwich, it is………………………….. (time) on ……………(date) in Chennai.

Q 18.

Geographically, what is the time difference between Dwarka in Gujarat and Dibrugarh in Assam? [Imp]