Economics

Introduction to Microeconomics

Question:

Define Production Possibility Curve and state its properties.[CBSE, All India 2013 C]

Answer:

Production possibility curve is a curve which depicts all possible combinations of two goods which can be produced with given resources and technology in an economy. Properties of Production Possibility Curve

  1. PPC is downward sloping: The downward slope of PPC means if the country wants to produce more of one good, it has to produce less quantity of the other goods.
  2.  PPC is concave to the point of origin: Concave shape of PPC implies that the slope of PPC increases. Slope of PPC is defined as the quantity of goods Y given up in exchange for additional unit of goods X.[Slope of Production Possibility Curve]
    =frac { Delta Y }{ Delta X } =frac { Amountquad ofquad Goodquad Yquad lost }{ Amountquad ofGoodquad Xquad gained }
    [Slope of PPC] = MRT = [Marginal Opportunity Cost]
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Introduction to Microeconomics

Q 1.

A country's resources are fully and p efficiently employed. The problem of scarcity exists. What advice would be given to raise the efficiency level of the human resource to fight scarcity?

Q 2.

Massive unemployment will shift PPC to the left. Defend or refute.

Q 3.

A doctor has a private clinic in New Delhi and his annual earnings are Rs 10 lakh. If he works in a government hospital in New Delhi, his annual earning will be Rs 8 lakh. What is the opportunity cost of having a clinic in New Delhi?

Q 4.

Giving reason comment on the shape of Production Possibilities curve based on the following schedule.
ncert-solutions-for-class-12-micro-economics-introduction-to-economics-17

Q 5.

Explain the meaning of opportunity cost with the help of production possibility schedule.[CBSE, All India 2013]

Q 6.

How does Maruti Udyog Ltd. fix the prices of its cars, is it studied in macroeconomics?

Q 7.

Give two examples of growth of resources.

Q 8.

"An economy always produces on but not inside PPC. Defend or refute.

Q 9.

What is economics?

Q 10.

What is meant by economy?

Q 11.

Name any three variables of macroeconomics.

Q 12.

There are various sources of income a teacher has; such as,

  1.  He can earn Rs 40000 from teaching in school.
  2. He can earn Rs 50000 by tuition/ coaching
  3. He earns Rs 60000 by writing the help book guides.
    What is the opportunity cost of his teaching in school? Why should he choose teaching profession?

Q 13.

Giving reasons, state whether the  following statements are true or false.
 An economy always manages to meet all the needs of the people living in the country.

Q 14.

India is a labour abundance and capital scarce economy. Which technique of production should be used to produce the commodity?

Q 15.

Which type of science is economics?

Q 16.

Only Scarce Goods' attract price."Comment.

Q 17.

What do you mean by the production possibilities of an economy?

Q 18.

As water resources are limited in our country, how can we economise the water resources so that it could not cause a future problem for us? Give any two suggestions.

Q 19.

What is meant by economising of resources? [CBSE 2003]

Q 20.

Why is production possibility curve also called opportunity cost curve?

Q 21.

Give two examples of underutilisation of resources.

Q 22.

State the central problems of an economy. [CBSE Sample Paper 2014]

Q 23.

Although water is useful, yet it is cheap. On the contrary, diamond is not much of use, still it is very expensive. Give an economic reason for this paradox.

Q 24.

Giving reason comment on the shape of Production Possibilities curve based on the following schedule.
ncert-solutions-for-class-12-micro-economics-introduction-to-economics-19

Q 25.

Production in an economy is below to its potentiality due to unemployment. Government starts employment generation schemes. Explain its effects by using production possibility curve.
ncert-solutions-for-class-12-micro-economics-introduction-to-economics-9

Q 26.

What is meant by central problem of an economy?

Q 27.

Define microeconomics.[CBSE 2007C; AI 2005, 2012]
Or
Give the meaning of microeconomics.[CBSE 2009]

Q 28.

Why is it that on one hand coal is found in plenty, yet it is scarce while on the other, a rotten vegetable is rare but not scarce?

Q 29.

Name the economic value achievable when attempts are made to increase resources in the country.

Q 30.

Define Marginal Rate of Transformation (MRT). [CBSE 2012]

Q 31.

What is a production possibility frontier?

Q 32.

What is the basic reason for economic problem in all economies?

Q 33.

State any two central problems under ‘problem of allocation of resources’.[CBSE Sample Paper 2016]

Q 34.

Economy always operates on PPC.

Q 35.

"Scarcity and choice go all together". Defend or refute.

Q 36.

A farmer is getting more profit by producing opium rather than that of wheat. In situation of famine which crop should be produced?

Q 37.

What will likely be the impact of large scale outflow of foreign capital on Production Possibility Curve of the economy and why? 
ncert-solutions-for-class-12-micro-economics-introduction-to-economics-14

Q 38.

Why does an economic problem arise? [CBSE 2007]
Or
What gives rise to an economic problem? [CBSE, Sample Paper 2008] Or
Why does the problem of choice arise? [CBSE 2004]

Q 39.

Why PPC is concave to the point of origin? [CBSE 2011, AI 2007]

Q 40.

Because of destruction caused by war, a country's PPF will shift to the left.

Q 41.

In an underdeveloped economy why there is the need of efficient utilization of resources?

Q 42.

The problems of scarcity of resources and their alternate uses arise everywhere but particularly in backward countries. For their solution non-economic considerations can be stressed. How?

Q 43.

Giving reason comment on the shape of Production Possibilities curve based on the following schedule. 
ncert-solutions-for-class-12-micro-economics-introduction-to-economics-21

Q 44.

Discuss the central problems of an economy.

Q 45.

Discuss the subject matter of economics.

Q 46.

Why does an economic problem arise? [CBSE 2006, 07C, 09;  Or AI 2007]
State any two causes of economic problem. [CBSE 2005C, 09C, 12;Or AI 2007]
State two characteristics of the economic resources which give rise to economic problem.Or [AI 2007]
Why does problem of choice arise?[CBSE 2004, 05C, 06, 07] Or
Explain three factors that lead to an economic problem.

Q 47.

Why is Production Possibilities Curve concave? Explain.[CBSE 2011, AI 2014, 2007]

Q 48.

Give reasons for the following statements:

  1. A Production Possibility Frontier is always a downward sloping concave curve.
  2. An efficient economy would always produce a combination of goods
    that lies on the given Production Possibility Frontier.
  3. Growth of an economy is represented in the form of a rightward shift of a Production Possibility Frontier.

Q 49.

Economic problem arises due to plenty of resources.

Q 50.

A job guarantee scheme will lead to a rightward shift of PPF.