Chemistry

Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry

Question:

How are 0.5 ml of NaOH differents from 0.5 M of NaOH?

Answer:

0.5 ml of NaOH means 0.5 mole (20.0 g) of NaOH, 0.5M of NaOH means that 0.5 mole (20.0g) of NaOH are dissolved in 1L of its solution.

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Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry

Q 1.

How many oxygen atoms are there in 18 g of water?

Q 2.

How much copper can be obtained from 100 g of copper sulphate (CuSO4  )? (Atomic mass of Cu= 63.5 amu)

Q 3.

Define the term ‘unit’ of measurement.

Q 4.

Match the following prefixes with their multiples:
ncert-solutions-for-class-11-chemistry-chapter-1-some-basic-concepts-of-chemistry-15

Q 5.

State Avogadro’s law.

Q 6.

What do you understand by stoichiometric coefficients in a chemical equation?

Q 8.

What is one a.m.u. or one ‘u’?

Q 9.

Round up the following upto three significant figures:
(i) 34.216 (ii) 10.4107 (iii) 0.04597 (iv) 2808

Q 10.

What do you mean by significant figures?

Q 11.

Calculate the amount of carbon dioxide that could be produced when
(i) 1 mole of carbon is burnt in air.
(ii) 1 mole of carbon is burnt in 16 g of dioxygen.
(iii) 2 moles of carbon are burnt in 16 g of dioxygen.

Q 12.

Name two factors that introduce uncertainty into measured figures.

Q 13.

Define molality. How does molality depend on temperature?

Q 14.

The density of water at room temperature is 1.0 g/mL. How many molecules are there in a drop of water if its volume is 0.05 mL?

Q 15.

In the reaction, A + B2——> AB2, identify the limiting reagent, if any, in the following  mixtures
(i) 300 atoms of A + 200 molecules ofB
(ii) 2 mol A + 3 mol B
(iii) 100 atoms of A + 100 molecules ofB
(iv) 5 mol A + 2.5 mol B
(v) 2.5 mol A + 5 mol B

Q 16.

Calculate the atomic mass (average) of chlorine using the following data:
ncert-solutions-for-class-11-chemistry-chapter-1-some-basic-concepts-of-chemistry-9

Q 17.

Pressure is determined as force per unit area of the surface. The S.I. unit of pressure, pascal, is as shown below:1 Pa = 1  Nm-2.If mass of air at sea level is 1034 g  cm-2,calculate the pressure in pascal.

Q 18.

Why air is not always regarded as homogeneous mixture?

Q 19.

What is the molecular mass of a substance each molecule of which contains 9 atoms of carbon, 13 atoms of hydrogen and 2.33 x  10-23  g other component?

Q 20.

Calculate the mass of sodium acetate (CH3COONa) required to make 500 mL of 0.375 molar aqueous solution. Molar mass of sodium acetate is 82.0245 g  mol-1

Q 21.

How are 0.50 mol  Na2C03  and 0.50 M  Na2C03  different?

Q 22.

Express the following in scientific notation:
(i) 0.0048 (v) 6.0012 (ii) 234,000 (iii) 8008 (iv) 500.0

Q 23.

Express the following up to four significant figures.
ncert-solutions-for-class-11-chemistry-chapter-1-some-basic-concepts-of-chemistry-38

Q 24.

If ten volumes of dihydrogen gas reacts with five volumes of dioxygen gas, how many volumes of water vapour could be produced?

Q 25.

Q 26.

Calculate the mass percent of different elements present in sodium sulphate (Na2 SO4).

Q 27.

Give an example of a molecule in which the ratio of the molecular formula is six times the empirical formula.

Q 28.

What is the number of significant figures in 1.050 x 104?

Q 29.

Chlorine is prepared in the laboratory by treating manganese dioxide (Mn02) with aqueous hydrochloric acid according to the reaction.
4 HCl (aq) + Mn02 (s) ———–> 2 H2O (l) + MnCl2(aq) +Cl2(g)

How many grams of HCl react with 5.0 g of manganese dioxide? (Atomic mass of Mn = 55 u)

Q 30.

A flask P contains 0.5 mole of oxygen gas. Another flask Q contains 0.4 mole of ozone gas. Which of the two flasks contains greater number of oxygen atoms?

Q 31.

Calculate the molecular mass of the following:
(i)  H20(ii)  C02(iii)  CH4

Q 32.

What is the S.I. unit of mass?

Q 33.

A sample of drinking water was found to be severely contaminated with chloroform, CHCly supposed to be carcinogenic in nature. The level of contamination was 15 ppm (by mass).
(i) Express this in percent by mass
(ii) Determine the molality of chloroform in the water sample.

Q 34.

The cost of table salt (NaCl) and table sugar (C12H22O11) are Rs 1 per kg and Rs 6 per kg respectively.Calculate their cost per mole.

Q 35.

Calculate the concentration of nitric acid in moles per litre in a sample which has a density 1.41 g  mL-1  and the mass percent of nitric acid in it is being 69%.

Q 36.

Calculate no. of carbon and oxygen atoms present in 11.2 litres of  C02  at N.T.P.

Q 37.

10 ml of a solution of NaCl containing KCl gave on evaporation 0.93 g of the mixed salt which gave 1.865 g of AgCl by reacting with  AgN03solution. Calculate the quantity of NaCl in 10 mL of the solution.

Q 38.

What is the SI unit of molarity?

Q 39.

KCl03  on heating decomposes to give KCl and 02. What is the volume of  02 at N.T.P liberated by 0.1 mole of  KCl03?

Q 40.

The following data were obtained when dinitrogen and dioxygen react together to form compounds:
ncert-solutions-for-class-11-chemistry-chapter-1-some-basic-concepts-of-chemistry-19

Q 41.

Use the data given in the following table to calculate the molar mass of naturally occurring argon.
ncert-solutions-for-class-11-chemistry-chapter-1-some-basic-concepts-of-chemistry-30

Q 42.

Calcium carbonate reacts with aqueous HCl according to the reaction

CaC03 (s) + 2HCl (aq) ———->CaCl2  (aq) +C02(g) +H2O(l).

What mass of CaC03 is required to react completely with 25 mL of 0.75 M HCl?

Q 43.

How is empirical formula of a compound related to its molecular formula?

Q 44.

If the density of methanol is 0.793 kg  L -1, what is its volume needed for making 2.5 L of its 0.25 M solution?

Q 45.

The vapour density of a mixture of  N02  and  N204is 38.3 at 27 °C. Calculate the number of moles of N02   in 100 g of the mixture.

Q 46.

How many significant figures are present in the following?
(i) 0.0025 (ii) 208 (iii) 5005 (iv) 126,000
(v) 500.0 (vi) 2.0034

Q 47.

How many significant figures should be present in the answer of the following?
ncert-solutions-for-class-11-chemistry-chapter-1-some-basic-concepts-of-chemistry-29

Q 48.

How are 0.5 ml of NaOH differents from 0.5 M of NaOH?

Q 49.

Calculate the number of atoms in each of the following:
(i) 52 moles of He (ii) 52 u of He (iii) 52 g of He

Q 50.

Convert 2.6 minutes in seconds.