Explain the following terms in brief:
(i) Perpetual succession (ii) Common seal
(iii) Karta (iv) Artificial person
(i) Perpetual Succession: Perpetual succession refers to continuous succession of a corporation. Perpetual succession is one of the remarkable features of a corporation. The very objective of a corporation is to have a perpetual succession, for there can not be a succession forever without incorporation. The company has perpetual succession. The death or insolvency of a shareholder does not affect its existence. A company comes into end only when it is liquidated according to provision of the Companies Act.
(ii) Common Seal: The expression ‘Common Seal' is not defined in the Companies Act, 1956. General practice is to adopt the Common Seal, at the first Board Meeting of the company. It must be kept under the safe custody of authorized director/officer. The Articles of Association, may set out how and when the common seal has to be affixed.
(iii) Karta: Karta is the head of Joint Hindu family business. He has unlimited liability and final decision making power.
(iv) Artificial Person: A person in the eyes of law is called an artificial person. An entity which has a separate legal entity in the eyes of law is called artificial person. A joint stock company and a cooperative society are artificial persons.
X is interested in the floatation of a company. Briefly discuss the steps he should take.
Compare the status of a minor in a Joint Hindu Family Business with that in a partnership firm.
What do you mean by incorporation of a company? What are the steps involved in corporation of a company?
Discuss the characteristics, merits and limitations of the cooperative form of organization. Also describe briefly different types of cooperative societies.
For which of the following types of business do you think a partnership firm of organization would be more suitable, and why?
(i) Grocery store (ii) Medical store
(iii) Legal consultancy (iv) Craft centre
(v) Internet cafe (vi) Chartered accountancy firm
Is registration of partnership firm compulsory? What are the consequences of non-registration?
What do you understand by a.sole proprietorship firm? Explain its merits and limitations.
Despite limitations of size and resources, many people continue to prefer sole proprietorship over other forms of organization. Why?
For which of the following types of business do you think a sole proprietorship firm of organization would be more suitable, and why?
(i) Grocery store (ii) Medical store
(iii) Legal consultancy (iv) Craft centre
(v) Internet cafe (vi) Chartered accountancy firm
Explain the following terms in brief:
(i) Perpetual succession (ii) Common seal
(iii) Karta (iv) Artificial person
If registration is optional, why do partnership firms willingly go through this legal formality and get themselves registered? Explain.
Why is partnership considered by some to be a relatively unpopular form of business ownership? Explain the merits and limitations of partnership.
Differentiate between: